the present study is aimed at investigating the factors which influence cooperative managers’ awareness of the cooperative sector. methodologically, this is a descriptive-correlated survey. the study consisted of 498 managers of agricultural cooperatives in tehran(n=498), from among whom 72 were selected through random sampling (n=72). validity of the questionnaire used for collecting data was ...

Background: Effective leadership is regarded as an important factor in organizational success. This study aimed at performing a systematic review on leadership effectiveness among hospital managers.    Methods: A search was conducted in ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Web of Science, Ovid, and Scopus databases on the factors related to effectiveness of hospital managers’ leadership du...

The main objective of this research is to determine the role of passive defense in urban crisis management from the perspectives of experts and urban managers Municipality of Tehran- District, 5. In order to carry out the study, an analytical-applied research method and a combination of documentary, descriptive, analytical and case study methods are used. All managers and experts of Tehran’s mu...

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to investigate (1) the link between store managers’ evaluation of how customers assess a shopping centre and their own evaluation of the centre and, based on that, (2) the relevance of store managers in reflecting upon and informing the management and marketing practices of the local shopping centre management. Methodology: A conceptual model is developed based...

the existence of an organization depends on communications and this is an area that managers spend most of their time on. therefore, recognition of communication skills accompanied with its implementation is among the essential parameters of successful management in any organization. in this study we decided to determine the relationship between managers' communication skills and health of orga...

Functional neuroimaging studies of decision-making so far mainly focused on decisions under uncertainty or negotiation with other persons. Dual process theory assumes that, in such situations, decision making relies on either a rapid intuitive, automated or a slower rational processing system. However, it still remains elusive how personality factors or professional requirements might modulate ...