introduction: the aim of this in vitro study was to compare the efficacy of protaper retreatment (protaper r) and mtwo retreatment (mtwo r) files in removing gutta-percha and guttaflow from endodontically treated straight root canals. methods and materials: the root canals of 60 human mandibular single-rooted premolars were prepared and randomly divided into two groups ( n =30). in groups a and...

The contents of visual working memory (VWM) are capacity limited and require frequent updating. The retrospective cueing (retro-cueing) paradigm clarifies how directing internal attention among VWM items boosts VWM performance. In this paradigm a cue appears prior to retrieval, but after encoding and maintenance. The retro-cue effect (RCE) refers to superior VWM after valid versus neutral retro...

Optical reflectivity of the retro-reflector installed in LHD as the first mirror was reduced seriously by plasma wall interaction. In order to understand the mechanism of the reflectivity reduction, optical and material properties of the mirror surfaces have been examined extensively. It was found that the deposited impurity layers caused the serious reduction of the reflectivity. Formation of ...

INTRODUCTION Treatment of localized prostate cancer refers to two basic modes which are the radical retro pubic prostatectomy and external radiotherapy. However, according to most authors, radical prostatectomy is the gold standard for long-term survival. OBJECTIVE To determine the occurrence of erectile dysfunction after radical operative treatment and irradiation therapy. MATERIAL AND MET...

Environmental problems have attracted worldwide attention, and the recognition of their importance has risen through the newspapers and other media every day. In the construction industry, industrial waste resulting from civil engineering work has become a big problem, termed construction pollution. Construction sludge and muddy water resulting from construction or demolition are particularly d...

Studies with the retro-cue paradigm have shown that validly cueing objects in visual working memory long after encoding can still benefit performance on subsequent change detection tasks. With regard to the effects of invalid cues, the literature is less clear. Some studies reported costs, others did not. We here revisit two recent studies that made interesting suggestions concerning invalid re...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To date, many different materials have been proposed for root canal fillings, but gutta-percha (used with various types of sealers) has remained the material of choice for over a century. A new root canal obturation system, the Epiphany endodontic obturation system, has been developed to replace gutta-percha and traditional sealers for root canal obturation. The purpose...

In rural areas of developing countries, there is a lack of sanitation services and the installation of such infrastructure is hampered by the high investment costs for initial implementation and by the limited availability of qualified personnel. An alternative to traditional sanitation services include an anaerobic filter, but the high cost of appropriate filling material can be an obstacle to...

The purposes of this investigation were 2-fold: to study the physical properties and sealing ability of Viscosity Enhanced Root Repair Material (VERRM); and, to compare them with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). VERRM has a composition similar to mineral trioxide aggregate, with handling characteristics and consistency similar to commercially available materials such as IRM and Super EBA. The ...

OBJECTIVE Retreatment of a root canal in the case of infection requires complete removal of previous filling material. This study evaluated the efficacy of 3 techniques in removing laterally compacted Resilon/Epiphany and gutta-percha/AH Plus from straight and curved canals during retreatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extracted human teeth (90 maxillary anterior teeth with single,straight root c...