Although psychiatric advance directives (PADs) are grounded in the ethics of autonomy, the relationship between the two is unclear. PADs are legal documents that allow individuals with mental illness to record their treatment preferences should they become incompetent in the future. The relationship between autonomy and PADs has been discussed in ethical, legal, and philosophical terms, but has...

Current statutes enabling psychiatric advance directives (PADs) typically include provisions allowing override of patients' choices by treatment staff. Lest the purpose of the PAD be vitiated by too broad an application of the override mechanism, its use should be carefully limited. In inpatient settings, voluntary patients should have the right to decline treatments in advance, although not an...

This paper presents an area pad layout method to e ciently reduce the space required for interconnection pads and pad drivers. Unlike peripheral pads, area pads use only the top metal layer and therefore allow active circuitry to be laid out underneath. With identical functional elements grouped together, a group of pad drivers share the same well and can be placed tightly together. The use of ...

Often such streams are high-volume: AT&T’s call-detail stream contains roughly 300 million calls per day requiring approximately 7GBs of storage space. Typically, such stream data arrives “as is” in ad hoc formats with poor documentation. In addition, the data frequently contains errors. The appropriate response to such errors is applicationspecific. Some applications can simply discard unexpec...

Metallized paper is patterned to create touch pads of arrayed buttons that are sensitive to contact with both bare and gloved fingers. The paper-based keypad detects the change in capacitance associated with the touch of a finger to one of its buttons. Mounted on an alarmed cardboard box, the keypad requires the appropriate sequence of touches to disarm the system.

The mandibular foramen is a landmark for procedures like inferior alveolar nerve block, mandibular implant treatment, and mandibular osteotomies. The present study was aimed to identify the precise location of the mandibular foramen and the incidence of accessory mandibular foramen in dry adult mandibles of South Indian population. The distance of mandibular foramen from the anterior border of ...

PURPOSE Lengthening of the mandible by distraction osteogenesis is the preferred method for treatment of hemifacial microsomia in children. Use of an intraoral distraction technique and horizontal oblique ramus osteotomy in such patients is presented. PATIENTS AND METHODS Mandibular ramus lengthening was performed in 11 patients aged 6 to 12 years with hemifacial microsomia. During the age of...

OBJECTIVES Eagle's syndrome is caused by an elongated or mineralised styloid process and characterised by facial and pharyngeal pain, odynophagia and dysphagia. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings. However radiologic imaging, like panoramic radiograph, helps to confirm the diagnosis. There are different treatments of the Eagle's syndrome. Anti-inflammatory medication (carbamazepime, cortico...

RATIONALE A 54-year-old Taiwanese male came to our hospital presented with right retromolar mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Composite resection and right modified radical neck dissection were performed. We then use free anteral lateral thigh flap to reconstruct the defect. However, venous congestion was found 32 h after the surgery. PATIENT CONCERNS The main concerns of the patient is complete salv...

The CALICE Electromagnetic CALorimeter (ECAL) will be a silicon-tungsten sampling calorimeter [1] with 30 layers of silicon wafers, each containing an 18×18 array of diode pads, giving 9720 channels to be read out. The signal from each pad is amplified by a Very Front End (VFE) ASIC [2] which multiplexes the signals from 18 pads onto one output line. The silicon wafers and VFE chips are mounted...