I n Central Asia, as in other regions of the world with large Muslim populations, opposition groups are increasingly turning to the ideas of militant Islam in their efforts to challenge authoritarian rule. Activists fromKokand to Kabul have learned that political Islam provides an unusually potent language of opposition. In Central Asia, a wide array of opposition movements—the Islamic Movement...

In this article, the author examines two considerations that are critical to a full and meaningful assessment of the degree to which Islam, and Islamic law in particular, can find authentic expressions of themselves under what may reasonably be considered a democratic form of government. The first of these has to do with the scope of Islamic law, or more properly, the scope of the interpretive ...

The aim of this paper is to sketch a line of interpretation of certain political-philosophical discourses on 'Islam in Europe' through the interrelated concepts of appropriation and redemption. Muslim presence in Europe is generally perceived as 'problematic.' A specific vocabulary, including terms like 'liberal dilemma,' 'defense of freedom,' 'Muslim exceptionalism', and 'specification of acce...

Geographically dispersed sellers in electronic reverse-marketplaces such as those hosted by Freemarkets are uncertain about the number of competitors they face in any given market-session. Over the course of several market-sessions they learn about the competitive nature of the marketplace. How sellers learn to reduce the market-structure uncertainty depends on the market-transparency scheme, o...

Islam is now commonly considered to be the second largest religion in France behind Christianity. Accepting this demographic reality has never been easy for many French citizens. Too often discussions about Islam in France begin and end with a treatment of Muslims as a social problem. Too often the question is asked: Can Muslims fit into French society?. That question presupposes that Islamic v...

A firm owns the investment rights over one undeveloped oilfield with technical uncertainties on the size and quality of the reserve. In addition, the long run expected oil price follows a stochastic process. The firm needs to select the best alternative of investment in information with different costs and different revelation powers. The modeling of technical uncertainty uses the practical con...

School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China Email: [email protected] Abstract: The security of a password authentication and update scheme based on elliptic curve cryptography proposed by Islam et al. [S.K. Hafizul Islam, G.P. Biswas, Design of improved password authentication and update scheme based on elliptic curve cryptography, Mathematical and C...

Commercial links and a common orientation towards maritime trade continued to bind Southeast Asian Austronesian communities together in historical times, and the spread of Islam is regarded as a consequence of these cultural ties. Islam required many changes in traditional Austronesian social and religious practices, as did Christianity, but the strength of Austronesian tradition, reinforced gr...