Akin type (asymmetric) reverse osmosis membranes undergo an irreversible osmotic dehydration upon coming into contact (skin side) with salt solutions. The extent of consequent changes (in appearance; decrease in linear dimension, water flux and salt rejection) are dependent on the salt concentration. These observations are correlated with the expected morphological changes taking place duri...

In this report, experimental investigation of waste water treatment by reverse osmosis to enable its reuse in cooling tower is presented. A polyamide spiral wound RO membrane followed by three filters as RO pretreatment (two activated carbon and one cartridge filter) and samples of Tehran refinery treated waste water have been used. The effect of operating conditions such as pressure difference...

Over the past half century, reverse osmosis (RO) has grown from a nascent niche technology into most versatile and effective desalination advanced water treatment available. However

Seawater desalination, the desalination of waters flowing back from hydraulic fracturing processes and brackish water desalination constitute important desalination applications. These have a combined market size in excess of $25 billion per annum and a combined water production rate equivalent to the domestic consumption of over 300 million people. Each application offers its own distinct chal...

Horizontal Axis Tidal (HAT) turbines can be used to power RO (reverse osmosis) desalination systems. The greatest weakness of these is the high price design, development, and manufacturing. Traditionally, optimization turbine geometry achieved by running several numerical models which become time consuming expensive. Taguchi-CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) approach has recently been introduc...