Double-reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a promising technique, achieving substantial gain improvement compared to single-RIS techniques. However, in double-RIS-aided systems, accurate channel estimation more challenging than single-RIS-aided systems. This work solves the problem of double-RIS-based based on active RIS architectures with only one radio frequency (RF) chain. Since slow...

OBJECTIVE Concerns about the radiation dose associated with CT scanning have led to a call for establishment of diagnostic reference levels. Self-complete surveys have been used extensively to gather this information, however, departmental Radiological Information System's/Picture Archive Communication Systems (RIS/PACS) also hold this information. We compared dosimetry derived from survey with...

BACKGROUND Vitamin E supplementation may be a potential strategy to prevent respiratory tract infections (RIs) in the elderly. The efficacy of vitamin E supplementation may depend on individual factors including specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at immunoregulatory genes. OBJECTIVE We examined whether the effect of vitamin E on RIs in the elderly was dependent on genetic backgro...

OBJECTIVE To report the 5-year risk and to identify risk factors for the development of a seminal acute or progressive clinical event in a multi-national cohort of asymptomatic subjects meeting 2009 RIS Criteria. METHODS Retrospectively identified RIS subjects from 22 databases within 5 countries were evaluated. Time to the first clinical event related to demyelination (acute or 12-month prog...

One of the objectives of investigating child second language acquisition (SLA) is to find out to what extent it is similar to first language (L1) acquisition. Assuming that L1 acquisition is guided by principles of Universal Grammar (UG), it is often thought that second language (L2) acquisition by children is of the same nature, as it seems so easy for young learners to acquire a foreign langu...

One year of treatment with bisphosphonates at 5x the dose used for post-menopausal osteoporosis significantly increases failure load and microdamage, and decreases toughness at multiple skeletal sites in intact female beagles. The goal of this study was to determine if similar changes occur with doses equivalent to those used for post-menopausal osteoporosis treatment. Skeletally-mature female ...

With aging, abnormal benign growth of the prostate results in benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) with concomitant lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Because the prostate is an androgen target tissue, and transforms testosterone into 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT), a potent androgen, via 5α-reductase (5α-R) activity, inhibiting this key metabolic reaction was identified as a target for drug de...

We study the problem of intruder tracking with non-stealthy sensors, i.e., sensors whose ON/OFF state can be detected by an intruder, sometimes in advance. The sensor field is assumed to be operating with a sleep schedule to conserve energy. Both motion sensors and presence sensors are considered. We provide a rigorous basis for the study of this scenario by defining a new intruder model, the I...

Objective: Spatial dissemination of focal white matter brain lesions, highly suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS) in subjects without clinical neurological symptoms, is referred to as radiological isolated syndrome (RIS). The aim of this study was to demonstrate that kinematic parameters are able to measure motor performance and to identify subtle symptoms undetectable with the clinical examin...