The reason for designing an ensign umbrella returning to a historical research was conducted in conjunction with the first steam train. Investigating a Parliamentary approval of Great Britain about movement of first steam trains, it can be concluded that, permission was given to a company to move its trains in the city only when engaging a person with red flag as vanguard. Accommodating first m...

Driver support system is one of the most important feature of the modern vehicles to ensure driver safety and decrease vehicle accident on roads. Apparently, the road lane detection or road boundaries detection is the complex and most challenging tasks. It is includes the localization of the road and the determination of the relative position between vehicle and road. A vision system using on-b...

Transportation infrastructure impedes the movement of animals, enhances their mortality due to collisions with vehicles, and decreases habitat size. We study the first two effects, using a spatially explicit individual-based model of population dynamics. We discuss the suitability of fences. Fences can either enhance or reduce survival probability, depending on the degree of road avoidance and ...

Crossing structures are an effective method for mitigating habitat fragmentation and reducing wildlifevehicle collisions, although high construction costs limit the number that can be implemented in practice. Therefore, optimizing the placement of crossing structures in road networks is suggested as a strategic conservation planning method. This research explores two approaches for using the ma...