BACKGROUND Prolactin (PRL) reduces joint inflammation, pannus formation, and bone destruction in rats with polyarticular adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA). Here, we investigate the mechanism of PRL protection against bone loss in AIA and in monoarticular AIA (MAIA). METHODS Joint inflammation, trabecular bone loss, and osteoclastogenesis were evaluated in rats with AIA treated with PRL (via os...

Background In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), pain, joint swelling, and stiffness follow a clear circadian pattern. Most of these symptoms are most pronounced in the early morning primarily attributed to elevated levels key proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 TNFα, which usually peak before clinical worsen (1). Synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) among prescribed drugs management patients with RA. GCs have e...

Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling has been shown to play important roles in promoting aggressiveness of various cancer cells in a cell-autonomous manner. However, little is known about its function in cancer-associated stromal cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Thus, we examined the role of Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling in bone marrow-derived MSCs in regulating proliferation of undifferentiated gastric ...

Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORalpha) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. The mouse mutant staggerer (sg/sg) carries a deletion within the RORalpha gene. RORalpha plays a major role in cellular differentiation during development and growth. In the present study, we found a lower mean arterial blood pressure in sg/sg than in +/+ mice (80.1+/-1.2 and 87.0+/-...

Retinoic acid-related orphan receptors (RORs) and the basic helix-loop-helix-PAS transcription factor Npas2 have been implicated in the control of circadian rhythm. In this study, we demonstrate that RORγ directly regulates Npas2 expression in vivo. Although the rhythmicity of Npas2 mRNA expression was maintained in RORγ(-/-) mice, the peak level of expression was significantly reduced in sever...

Retinoic acid-related Orphan Receptor alpha (RORα; NR1F1) is a widely distributed nuclear receptor involved in several (patho)physiological functions including lipid metabolism, inflammation, angiogenesis, and circadian rhythm. To better understand the role of this nuclear receptor in liver, we aimed at displaying genes controlled by RORα in liver cells by generating HepG2 human hepatoma cells ...

Background T helper (Th) 9 cells are a novel subset of Th that develop independently from Th2 and characterized by the secretion interleukin (IL)-9. Studies have suggested involvement Th9 in variable diseases such as allergic pulmonary (eg, asthma, chronic obstructive airway disease, rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, hypoplasia), metabolic acute leukemia, myelocytic breast cancer, lung melanoma, pa...

Melatonin (Mel) and its receptors (MT1 and MT2) have a well-documented efficacy in treating different pain conditions. However, the anti-nociceptive effects of Mel and Mel receptors in neuropathic pain (NP) are poorly understood. To elucidate this process, pain behaviors were measured in a dorsal root ganglia (DRG)-friendly sciatic nerve cuffing model. We detected up-regulation of MT2 expressio...

Targeted therapies require cellular protein expression that meets specific requirements that will maximize effectiveness, minimize off-target toxicities, and provide an opportunity for a therapeutic effect. The receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptors (ROR) are possible targets for therapy that may meet such requirements. RORs are transmembrane proteins that are part of the receptor tyros...

OBJECTIVE Elevated expression of the ROR1 and ROR2 Wnt receptors has been noted in both the tumour and stromal compartments of ovarian cancer patient tissue samples. In vitro studies have suggested these receptors play a role in ovarian cancer metastasis. However, these previous studies have utilised simple 2D in vitro models to investigate cancer cell growth and migration, which does not allow...