Geographic routing protocols are well suited to wireless sensor networks because of their modest resource requirements. A major limiting factor in their implementation is the requirement of location information. The virtual localization algorithm provides the functionality of geographic routing without any knowledge of node locations by constructing a virtual coordinate system. It differs from ...

today, one of the new technologies in the modern era is vehicular ad-hoc network which has takenenormous attention in the recent years. because of rapid topology changing and frequent disconnectionmakes it difficult to design an efficient routing protocol for routing data between vehicles, called v2v orvehicle to vehicle communication and vehicle to roadside infrastructure, called v2i. designin...

Deflection routing is an effective way to improve the efficiency and reliability of data transmission in the network. Information theory, which is the foundation of channel communications, has not yet had a direct impact on network communications. In this paper, we study the deflection routing processes of point-to-point networks from an information-theoretic perspective. It is found that the p...

Underwater sensor networks (UWSN) resemble terrestrial sensor networks in many aspects. However, the high propagation delay and limited bandwidth make terrestrial sensor network’s protocols unsuitable for UWSN. Underwater sensor node are powered by batteries which are even difficult to recharge. So, energy efficiency is major concern for underwater routing. In this paper ,based on VBF, we provi...

Minimizing Energy consumption is considered as one of the most important principles in the development of routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). In this study, we propose a Location based Energy-Aware Reliable routing protocol (LEAR) for WSN based on sensor position and clustering. Geographical routing protocols are efficient and convenient for optimum energy consumption and band...

Sensor networks are wireless adhoc networks where all the nodes cooperate for routing messages in the absence of a fixed infrastructure. Non-flooding, guaranteed delivery routing protocols are preferred because sensor networks have limited battery life. Location aware routing protocols are good candidates for sensor network applications, nevertheless they need either an external location servic...

Wireless sensor networks are a web of sensor nodes with a set of processor and limited memory unit embedded in it. Reliable routing of packets from the sensor node to its base station is the most important task for the networks. In wireless sensor networks, routing is bit more complex than other wired or wireless networks. The routing protocols applied for the other networks cannot be used here...

The efficiency of routing protocols in general mobile ad hoc networks may be highly affected by the specific Medium Access Control scheme the routing relies upon and by the mobility of the wireless nodes. In this work, we address the design of position based routing solutions for the support of safety oriented applications in Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) by focusing on the impact of the M...

The routing problem for shared path protection in multidomain optical mesh networks is difficult due to the lack of complete and global knowledge on the network topology and bandwidth allocation. To overcome this difficulty, we propose an aggregated network modeling by overestimation and a two-step routing strategy. In the first step, a rough routing solution is sketched in a compact network wh...

In this paper, we address the routability and analog performance issues involved in routing for array-based FPAAs that have single-segment horizontal and vertical routing resources. We then present FAAR (Field-programmable Analog Array Router) and describe a routing algorithm developed for the target array-based FPAA architecture. Sequential routing technique is used for routing multi-terminal ...