Although the data are not available, it seems that the risk to the fetus of asymptomatic reinfection is small,3" and certainly it is far less than that of primary rubella. In the rare cases of symptomatic reinfection viraemia may be presumed to have occurred, putting the fetus at appreciable risk.9 An antibody response may be confidently ascribed to reinfection if two or more previous positive ...

OBJECTIVE Evaluate knowledge of rubella and acceptability of vaccination and identify sources of health information among brazilian adults to inform communication strategies for a national vaccination campaign to eliminate rubella and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). METHODS From 5-8 July 2008 a qualitative telephone survey was conducted among a nonprobabilistic sample of brazilian adults 1...

BACKGROUND Genetic polymorphisms play an important role in rubella vaccine-induced immunity. METHODS We genotyped 714 healthy children after 2 age-appropriate doses of rubella-containing vaccine for 142 potential single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). RESULTS Specific polymorphisms in the vitamin A receptor, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), and tripartite motif 5 and 22 (TRIM5 and T...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to review the epidemiologic data of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) supplied by surveillance systems from 2001 to 2009 and to propose measures to improve the quality of the surveillance system in the Republic of Korea. METHODS The epidemiological data for rubella and CRS cases reported to the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention f...

One of the reasons the 1997 Technical Advisory Group on Vaccine-Preventable Diseases recommended acceleration of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) prevention efforts was the fact that the enhanced measles surveillance system in the Americas found that 25% of reported measles cases were laboratory-confirmed rubella cases. Until 1997, the laboratory network primarily focused on measle...

BACKGROUND Rubella is an infectious and generally mild childhood viral disease. The disease is of public health importance because infection acquired during early pregnancy often results in foetal abnormalities that are classified as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). The burden of rubella infection in most developing countries in not well documented because of limited epidemiological data. How...

Vero cells, a line of African green monkey kidney cells, failed to produce interferon when infected with Newcastle disease, Sendai, Sindbis, and rubella viruses, although the cells were sensitive to interferon. Further, infection of Vero cells with rubella virus did not result in interference with the replication of echovirus 11, Newcastle disease virus, or vesicular stomatitis virus, even in c...

To estimate the sero prevalence of rubella among children attending a tertiary care hospital, in the age group of 1 to 14 years who have not received MMR vaccine.This was a hospital based prospective descriptive study. Blood samples were collected from 50 children aged 1-14 years and analyzed for IgG antibody titres for rubella infection by a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data...

Fifty-three patients under the age of 5 years with definite juvenile chronic polyarthritis (JCP) were examined for serological evidence of rubella infection. The prevalence of rubella antibody was found to be low and did not differ significantly from that found in normal children of similar age. Patients with JCP and antibody to rubella virus had a clinical course indistinguishable from those w...

The response of synovial lymphocytes from a 65-year-old lady with persistent polyarthritis, to rubella antigen and a number of other microbial agents was studied over a period of 11 months by [3H]thymidine incorporation. The results were correlated with the ability to isolate rubella virus from both peripheral blood and synovial fluid during the same period. The patient showed initially a maxim...