ABSTRACT This article examines the varying ways religious devotees utilize, negotiate, embrace, and reject authorities in their everyday lives. Ethnographically exploring that Orthodox Jews share reproductive decisions with rabbinic authorities, I demonstrate how some sanctify rulings, while others dismiss them, or continue to “shop around” until they find a opinion resonates personal desires. ...

This article analyzes the resort to the East African Court of Justice (EACJ) by human rights advocates and business actors. In doing so, this article considers how the EACJ fits Alter, Helfer, and Madsen’s concept of the authority of an international court (IC). According to Alter and her co-authors, an IC has authority when two conditions are met. First, when a legally binding ruling issued by...

Undoubtedly, the audible or transmitted texts have a high value and strong impact in proving documenting language, as it is an important origin of grammar. This was established with establishment Arabic grammar, throughout stage application. After increasing authorship grammar's science, grammarians wanted to theorize this set its limits, draw general framework. Therefore, theorizing applicatio...

The research deals with (the Jurisdictions of the Employees Judiciary Court and Appeal its Judgments) establishment in 2013 relationship this naming by name jurisdiction while was (Public Discipline Council), as has two types competences, first is consideration employee appeals administrative decisions related to civil service rights. second relates against disciplinary penalties. shows conditi...