The effects of housing and nutrition on the performance of first lactation sows of the Nepalese Pakhribas breed were investigated. A total of 36 sows, from a previous experiment on nutrition during gilt rearing, were allocated according to a factorial design with 2 levels of nutrition, 60 or 80% of the calculated lactation requirement, and two types of housing, traditional or improved. The mean...

Dairy cattle are inseminated and pregnancy is established during lactation. Therefore, lactation and the reestablishment of pregnancy must overlap. Unfortunately, recent changes in the genetics, productivity, and management of dairy cows have led to a decline in reproductive efficiency. Reproductive decline in dairy cows began in the mid-1980’s and may be continuing on modern dairy farms (Lucy,...

The present experiment examined the effect of offering either a high- (H) or low- (L) energy-density diet in late gestation and early lactation on physiological parameters, body condition score (BCS) and milk production in early lactation. In all, 40 multiparous Holstein cows were randomly allocated to one of four treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial design, where the factors were H- or L-energy den...

BACKGROUND Hypernatremic dehydration in neonates is a potentially devastating condition. Recent reports have identified breast-feeding malnutrition as a key factor in its pathophysiology. METHODS Using a theoretical framework for breast-feeding kinetics, a retrospective chart review of all neonates less than 28 days of age who were seen at either British Columbia's Children's Hospital or the ...

When including clinical mastitis in the breeding goal, it is useful to know what measure of the trait is most appropriate and its relationship to the primary production traits and indicator traits in the relevant population. In this paper, genetic and phenotypic parameters for clinical mastitis, somatic cell production deviance, and protein yield were estimated for the dairy breed Danish Red. I...

Dairy cattle are inseminated and pregnancy is established during lactation. Therefore, lactation and the reestablishment of pregnancy must overlap. Unfortunately, recent changes in the genetics, productivity, and management of dairy cows have led to a decline in reproductive efficiency. Reproductive decline in dairy cows began in the mid-1980’s and may be continuing on modern dairy farms (Lucy,...

It is not acceptable to compromise animal welfare in any system of farming. Feeding should be aimed at meeting the nutritional requirements at the various stages of production. This paper deals with the detrimental effects that organic, extensive or low input farming systems may have on the energy status in early lactation of the high potential dairy cow. Bovine ketosis is the most important di...

Protein ingested with breast milk provides indispensable amino acids which are necessary for new protein synthesis for growth and replacement of losses via urine, feces, and the skin. Protein gain in the body of an infant is highest during the first months when protein concentrations in breast milk are higher than during later stages of lactation. LowPublished online: January 20, 2017 Ferdinand...

Claw disorders affect cow welfare and profitability of farms. Not only claw disorders but also the need for trimming, known as trimming status, has been shown to be heritable. Limited knowledge is available on whether claw health traits (claw disorders and trimming status) are genetically the same trait in different parities, lactation stages, or in herds with low or high frequency of claw diso...

Introduction: The extreme reduction in breast milk intake during the first days of life leads to weight loss, kidney failure and hypernatremia. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between hypernatremia in neonates and way of maternal breastfeeding in hospitalized infants in Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad.   Materials and Methods: After obtaining parental consent, 687 infants referr...