where f(t |Θ) is the probability density of the coalescent time. Assuming free recombination between loci, the full likelihood is a product of each locus likelihood. In order to determine the likelihood we must determine the density f(t |Θ) for coalescent of two samples in the IM model. Wang and Hey (2009) find the time to the MRCA by explicitly integrating over all possible sample paths in the...

In this paper, a low power ultra-wideband (UWB) CMOS LNA was designed exploiting source inductive degeneration technique operating in the frequency range of 3.1–10.6 GHz. In order to achieve low noise figure and high linearity simultaneously, a modified three-stage UWB LNA with inter-stage inductors was proposed. Forward Body-Biased (FBB) technique was used to reduce threshold voltage and power...

We report a fragment-based electronic structure method, intended for the study of clusters and molecular liquids, that incorporates electronic polarization (induction) in a self-consistent fashion but treats intermolecular exchange and dispersion interactions perturbatively, as post-self-consistent field corrections, using a form of pairwise symmetry-adapted perturbation theory. The computation...

Noncovalent interactions drive the self-assembly of weakly interacting molecular systems to form supramolecular aggregates, which play a major role in nanotechnology and biochemistry. In this work, we present a thorough assessment of the performance of different double-hybrid density functionals (PBE0-DH-NL, revPBE0-DH-NL, B2PLYP-NL, and TPSS0-DH-NL), as well as their parent hybrid and (meta)GG...

Abstract– In this paper, two low noise amplifiers (LNAs), one without feedback and another one with active shunt partial feedback, are proposed for ultra wide band (UWB) applications. Both the proposed LNAs are designed using 90 nm CMOS technology and their performance parameters are analyzed by using post layout simulation. The proposed LNA without feedback achieves a power gain (S21) of 16.4 ...

As device dimensions scale down and the operating speed of integrated circuits scales up, electrostatic discharge (ESD) proves an increasingly more critical issue. With hundreds of gigahertz I/O pads in typical data communication circuits, microprocessors, and memories, both the voltage tolerance and the area of ESD protection devices become important design parameters. It is possible to use in...

Biomolecular systems that involve thousands of atoms are difficult to address with standard density functional theory (DFT) calculations. With the development of sparse-matter methods such as the van der Waals density functional (vdW-DF) method [M. Dion et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 246401 (2004)], it is now possible to include the dispersive forces in DFT which are necessary to describe the coh...

A 1.8V, 2.4 GHz CMOS low noise amplifier (LNA) is proposed to be used in front end receiver of Wireless LAN (WLAN) and Industrial Scientific and Medicine (ISM) band. The circuit is simulated in tsmc 180nm V 3.2. The optimization for the width of the CMOS is done taking into consideration parameters viz. noise figure (NF), Power consumption, gain, stability and linearity. The matching of input c...

We present numerical estimates of the leading two- and three-body dispersion energy terms in van der Waals interactions for a broad variety of molecules and solids. The calculations are based on London and Axilrod-Teller-Muto expressions where the required interatomic dispersion energy coefficients, C(6) and C(9), are computed "on the fly" from the electron density. Inter- and intramolecular en...