The MgtC is a virulence factor in Salmonella Typhimurium that is required for growth at low-Mg2+ concentrations and intramacrophage survival. This gene is codified in a conserved region of the Salmonella pathogenicity island 3 (SPI-3), and is also present in the chromosome of other Salmonella serovars. In this study we characterized the MgtC factor in S. Typhi, a human specific pathogen, by usi...

THE ANTIBACTERIAL ECTIVITY OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES AND COMBINATION WITH COTRIMOXAZOLE AGAINST SALMONELLA TYPHI IN VITRO ANIMAL MODEL

Due to emerging resistance to traditional antimicrobial agents, such as ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol, azithromycin is increasingly used for the treatment of invasive Salmonella infections. In the present study, 696 isolates of non-Typhi Salmonella collected from humans, food animals, and retail meats in the United States were investigated for antimicrobial susc...

Sacroiliitis caused by Salmonella typhi is rare. In India, unilateral sacroiliitis is usually caused by tuberculosis. We report a 22-year-old man who presented with a high-grade fever and positive blood culture for Salmonella typhi. The patient was treated with intravenous vancomycin and levofloxacin for 15 days and then oral levofloxacin for 6 weeks.

During acute hypertension, Na(+)/H(+) exchangers (NHE3) retract from top to base of proximal tubule microvilli (MV) and Na(+) reabsorption decreases in proximal tubule. This study aimed to determine whether the actin-based motor myosin VI coordinately retracts with NHE3 in response to acute hypertension. BP was raised approximately 50 mmHg in rats for 20 to 30 min or sham treated, and kidneys w...

Present laboratory tests for human typhoid vaccines use an intraperitoneal route of challenge given 7 days after injection of increasing doses of standard and test vaccines by the same route. In studies reported here, groups of B6D2 mice were vaccinated intraperitoneally with 2 x 10(8) acetone-killed Salmonella typhi Ty2, with the Vi antigen-free variant O-901, or with Yersinia enterocolitica a...

A salmonella genomic island, designated SGI11, was found in 18 of 26 multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates from Bangladesh. SGI11 was an IS1 composite transposon and carried 7 resistance genes that conferred resistance to 5 first-line antimicrobials. Eleven of the 18 SGI11-carrying S. Typhi isolates had developed resistance to high levels of ciprofloxacin.

Mouse monoclonal antibodies were raised against recombinant Salmonella typhi 36-kDa porin monomer. Specificities of 16 monoclonal antibodies were analyzed as reactivity patterns in dot immunobinding and Western blot (immunoblot) assays using isolated outer membrane proteins of gram-negative bacteria and cloned purified S. typhi porin monomers and trimers. Four monoclonal antibodies were specifi...

Three of seven volunteers with acute typhoid fever had Salmonella typhi isolated from the duodenum using a string capsule device. The string capsule device provides a simple method for culturing S. typhi from the duodenal contents. Its possible use in typhoid carriers is discussed.

BACKGROUND Fluoroquinolones are the drugs of choice for the treatment of typhoid fever. But the recent increase in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of ciprofloxacin in Salmonella Typhi may result in delayed response and serious complications. Nalidixic acid resistance has been used as an indirect evidence of increased minimum inhibitory concentration for ciprofloxacin in Salmonella...