Geophysical studies over Kartchner Caverns State Park mapped structure and groundwater patterns beneath valley alluvium and determined the geophysical expression of the caverns at the surface. Three techniques were employed: electromagnetics (EM), gravity, and natural potential (NP). Electromagnetic traverses in the area failed to detect the voids, owing to the very low conductivity of the carb...

We describe a second-order accurate sequential algorithm for solving two-phase multicomponent flow in porous media. The algorithm incorporates an unsplit second-order Godunov scheme that provides accurate resolution of sharp fronts. The method is implemented within a block structured mesh refinement framework that allows grids to dynamically adapt to features of the flow and enables efficient p...

An information system for visualization of Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) has been developed. The main goal for the system is to provide means for better understanding and control of the process. The system uses mainly data generated during UCG process numerical simulation. Apart from that, the system is capable of storing and visualizing measurement georadar data, gathered during in-situ ...

So-called annual banding has been identified in a number of speleothems in which the number of bands approximates the time interval between successive U-series dates. The apparent annual resolution of speleothem records, however, remains largely untested. Here we statistically compare variations in band thickness from a late Holocene stalagmite in Carlsbad Cavern, Southern New Mexico, USA, with...

Neutrino interactions recorded in a 5.1 fiducial kiloton-year exposure of the Soudan-2 iron tracking calorimeter are analyzed for effects of neutrino oscillations. Using contained single track and single shower events, we update our measurement of the atmospheric νµ/νe ratio-of-ratios and find R = 0.68 ± 0.11 ± 0.06. Assuming this anomalously low R-value is the result of νµ flavor disappearance...

As the market for renewable integration is expected to grow, there an increasing interest in excavated rock caverns as a solution overcome limitations of conventional CAES that use solution-mined salt caverns. One major challenges ensuring air tightness and pressure resistance performance lined-rock (LRCs). To address this, we reviewed research on several key aspects, including tightness, groun...