Blood transfusion is being practiced for centuries for saving life of human beings and animals. Richard Lower in 1665 transfused the blood in a dog for the first time in the history [1]. With the help of latest techniques and equipment developed after 1950, blood transfusion became more popular in veterinary medicine [2,3]. Blood transfusion has made considerable advancements in veterinary medi...

During large-scale, sudden-onset disasters, rescue personnel experience severe stress due to the brief window of opportunity for saving lives. Following the earthquake in Haiti, rescue personnel worked in Port-au-Prince under harsh conditions in order to save lives and extricate bodies. Reactions to this disaster among rescue personnel were examined using self-report questionnaires. Correlation...

Balancing economic development with international commitments to protect biodiversity is a global challenge. Achieving this balance requires an understanding of the possible consequences of alternative future scenarios for a range of stakeholders. We employ an integrated economic and environmental planning approach to evaluate four alternative futures for the mega-diverse island of Borneo. We s...

Throughout history, energy consumption and the demand for resources have gradually increased. The construction industry, by direct or indirect actions, consumes over 50% of the energy produced, is responsible for 30% of the CO2 emissions, and consumes more raw material than any other industrial activity. Architecture alone cannot solve global environmental problems, but it can contribute signif...

Antenatal care (ANC) coverage is a success story in Africa, since over two-thirds of pregnant women (69 percent) have at least one ANC contact. However, to achieve the full life-saving potential that ANC promises for women and babies, four visits providing essential evidence based interventions – a package often called focused antenatal care – are required. Essential interventions in ANC includ...

We characterize two different approaches to the idea of equality of opportunity. Roemer’s social ordering is motivated by a concern to compensate for the effects of certain (non-responsibility) factors on outcomes. Van de gaer’s social ordering is concerned with the equalization of the opportunity sets to which people have access. We show how different invariance axioms open the possibility to ...

Using absorption refrigeration cycles instead of vapor compression refrigeration cycles can drastically decrease energy consumption. In these systems, high level of energy consumption is reduced due to the partially elimination of vapor compression refrigeration systems. On the other hand, utilization of waste heat of the plant, which is a very good opportunity for energy saving,  is possible. ...

For energy saving retrofit projects, its economics are usually evaluated in terms of capital investment and payback time. The capital investment is in direct relation to the total heat recovery area of the network and the payback time factor is base on both the area and the energy savings. The debottlenecking is an increased throughput, which can be profitable in economic sense. The combination...

recently, the world health organization has made the need for countries to improve the school context and enhance the health of students at the school in terms of quality of life. this study aimed to determine the relation between improvement, adventure, social solidarity and opportunity with perceived stress among students. during the correlational qualitative research, among the population of...