A three parameter scaling relationship between isotopic distributions for elements with Z< or =8 has been observed. This allows a simple description of the dependence of such distributions on the overall isospin of the system. This scaling law (termed isoscaling) applies for a variety of reaction mechanisms that are dominated by phase space, including evaporation, multifragmentation, and deeply...

From a finite-size scaling (FSS) theory of cumulants of the order parameter at phase coexistence points, we reconstruct the scaling of the moments. Assuming that the cumulants allow a reconstruction of the free energy density no better than as an asymptotic expansion, we find that FSS for moments of low order is still complete. We suggest ways of using this theory for the analysis of numerical ...

Continuous time random walks impose a random waiting time before each particle jump. Scaling limits of heavy tailed continuous time random walks are governed by fractional evolution equations. Space-fractional derivatives describe heavy tailed jumps, and the time-fractional version codes heavy tailed waiting times. This paper develops scaling limits and governing equations in the case of correl...

A one-parameter scaling of the magnetization curves of the high-temperature superconductor Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-0 causes all data points in the irreversible regime to collapse into a single curve M H f~ (H/H*). The scaling field H* is inversely proportional to temperature and f+ and f are th—e scaling functions for fields H above and below H*, respectively. The results are explained in terms of the Bean...

Capacity scaling laws are analyzed in an underwater acoustic network with n regularly located nodes on a square. A narrow-band model is assumed where the carrier frequency is allowed to scale as a function of n. In the network, we characterize an attenuation parameter that depends on the frequency scaling as well as the transmission distance. A cut-set upper bound on the throughput scaling is t...

The ubiquity of scale-free patterns in ecological systems has raised the possibility that these systems operate near criticality. Critical phenomena (CP) require the tuning of parameters and typically exhibit a narrow scaling region in which power laws hold. Here we show that an individual-based predator-prey model exhibits scaling properties similar to CP, generated by a percolation-like trans...

We discuss the stability of icosadeltahedral shells subjected to a uniform external load in the form of an isotropic pressure. We demonstrate that there exists a universal critical buckling pressure scaling form that defines a locus of buckling instabilities. The parameter that uniquely determines this scaling form is shown to be the Föppl-von Karman number of nonpressurized shells. Numerical r...

We have varied the disorder in a two-dimensional electron system in silicon by applying substrate bias. When the disorder becomes sufficiently low, we observe the emergence of the metallic phase, and find evidence for a metal-insulator transition (MIT): the single-parameter scaling of conductivity with temperature near a critical electron density. We obtain the scaling function β, which determi...

Continuous time random walks impose a random waiting time before each particle jump. Scaling limits of heavy-tailed continuous time random walks are governed by fractional evolution equations. Space-fractional derivatives describe heavy-tailed jumps, and the time-fractional version codes heavy-tailedwaiting times. This paper develops scaling limits and governing equations in the case of correla...

With this paper soft genetic operators for Evolutionary Algorithms are introduced and analyzed for multimodal continuous parameter optimization problems. A new scaling rule for multiple mutations is formalized and compared with a new step-size scaling for Evolution Strategies. The scaling of the Evolutionary Algorithm with Soft genetic operators (EASY) is compared with that of the Breeder Genet...