Inertial-confinement lascr fusion requires propagation of high-intensity, pulseshaped IR and UV laser beams through long air paths. Such beams are subject to losses and decreased beam quality because of stimulated rotational Raman scattering (SRRS) in the atmosphere. With short pulses, it is necessary to use transient Raman theory to include buildup and relaxation of the mcdium. Imperfect beam ...

Single-crystal diffuse X-ray scattering was used to characterize radiation-induced defects in individual grains of a polycrystalline proton-irradiated Fe foil. The grains were probed with an intense 1 microm X-ray beam to demonstrate that both polycrystalline and micrometer-scale samples can be studied with single-crystal-like signal-to-noise. Scattering was measured with an X-ray-sensitive are...

We present a theoretical method to calculate the small angle neutron scattering profile of nucleic acid structures in solution. Our approach is sensitive to the sequence and the structure of the nucleic acid. In order to test our approach, we apply this method to the calculation of the experimental scattered intensity of the decamer d(CCAACGTTGG)2 in H2O. This sequence was specifically chosen f...

We describe the expected distribution of intensity for a scintillating source of finite size observed through a scattering medium, including systematic and instrumental effects. We describe measurements of the size of the Vela pulsar, using this technique. 1. Theoretical Background Waves from a pointlike source observed through a scattering medium will suffer random phase changes. If the phase ...

A resonance light scattering technique to determine tinidazole in drugs was developed by tetraphenylboron sodium (TPB). Tinidazole was found to bind B(C(6)H(5))(-) (4) anion and transformed to tinidazole-TPB aggregate which displayed intense resonance scattering light. Effects of factors such as wavelength, acidity, stabilizers, and interferents on the RLS of tinidazole TPB were investigated in...

The Coulomb explosion of the octamer water cluster has been studied employing time-dependent density functional theory explicitly accounting for the laser field and thus not imposing any constraint on the interaction between the laser pulse and the cluster. We focus on the effects of electron density changes in the system under high-intensity (10(16) and 10(15) W cm(-2)) soft X-ray laser pulses...

We use the numerically exact superposition T-matrix method to compute electromagnetic scattering characteristics of a macroscopic volume of a discrete random medium filled with wavelength-sized spherical particles with a refractive index typical of water ice at centimeter wavelengths. Our analysis demonstrates relative strengths of various optical observables in terms of their potential remote-...

We probe the local sensitivity of an optically excited plasmonic nanoparticle by changing the local dielectric environment through a scanning glass fiber tip. Recording the particle plasmon scattering spectrum for each tip position allows us to observe spectral resonance shifts concurrent with changes in scattering intensity and plasmon damping. For the tip-induced spectral shifts we find the s...

Optical microscopy provides noninvasive imaging of biological tissues at subcellular level. The optical aberrations induced by the inhomogeneous refractive index of biological samples limits the resolution and can decrease the penetration depth. To compensate refractive aberrations, adaptive optics with Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing has been used in microscopes. Wavefront measurement require...

Conceptually, a typical spectroscopic experiment is extremely simple. Electromagnetic radiation at a certain nominal wavelength λ is allowed to impinge on the sample. Then some properties of the radiation that emerges from the sample are measured. One of the simplest properties is the fraction of the incident radiation absorbed or dissipated by the sample. (Typical techniques are optical absorp...