The Literature review indicates that the high blood pressure has a different prevalence in various population of Iran and in the age group of 35 and above the rate varies from 7% in Qushguai tribe to 30% in Teheran and Anzali. The purpose of this study is to know whether the essential hypertension begins at the early age of life; and also to standardizing the normal value of blood pressure in c...

PURPOSE In this article, the author presents a conceptual framework for intervention at school-age levels reflecting upon a number of aspects raised by Kamhi (2014) in the lead article of this forum. The focus is on the persistence of traditional practices, components of language intervention, and prioritizing goals for students with language learning difficulties. Weaving together learning and...

OBJECTIVE To compare the functional performance of students diagnosed with developmental delay (DD) up to two years of age with peers exhibiting typical development. METHODS Cross-sectional study with functional performance assessment of children diagnosed with DD up to two years of age compared to those with typical development at seven to eight years of age. Each group consisted of 45 child...

Technology has produced another alternative: the use of interactive video networks (Whisler, 1988). Rural schools interact with other schools via interactive video networks--a type of distance learning. Distance learning is characterized by the use of technology to link instructors and learners who are physically apart from one another (Hughes, 1988). McClelland (1987) reported that young peopl...

The earliest provision in Britain and Ireland for destitute children is to be found in the Act for the Relief of the Poor of 1598. It provided for the appointment in every parish of ‘overseers of the poor’ with, among other specific duties, those of ‘setting to work the children of all such whose parents shall not be thought able to keep and maintain their children’. In 1771, legislation was en...

Childhood visual impairment due to refractive errors is one of the most common problems among school-age children and is the second leading cause for treatable blindness [1]. Vision 2020: The Right to Sight, a global initiative launched by a coalition of non-government organizations and the World Health Organization (WHO) [2] is to eliminate avoidable visual impairment and blindness on a global...

What fuels high rates of teacher turnover in schools that serve large numbers of low-income students of color? Teachers who choose to leave such schools usually transfer to schools serving wealthier, whiter student populations, leading some researchers to conclude that teachers are dissatisfied working with poor, minority students. Here we present an alternative explanation— one grounded in org...

In consultation with international schools in the East Asian region, ACER learned about the need for an assessment instrument designed for their particular populations. Although many schools were using existing external assessment for monitoring and self-evaluation, there was a general sense that, because these were primarily designed for national use, they did not cater for students from diver...

The standards-based reform and accountability movements have emphasized the importance of integrating a number of elements to create powerful learning environments for all children. Standardized testing, accountability, aligned curriculum, and teaching materials are critical components in the school reform equation. However, the importance of teachers who have “the right” knowledge and skill—an...

introduction: the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of stylohyoid ligament complex elongation in a group of iranian patients using digital panoramic radiographs. methods: panoramic radiographs of 1211 patients (684 females and 527 males) referred to the dental school of hamadan university of medical science were selected from 2011 to 2013. the stylohyoid ligament complexes wer...