COSMIC GPS Radio occultation systems are developed for investigating global ionospheric and tropospheric features of atmosphere ionospheric effects are a major critical concern in radio communications and navigation systems. The predominant ionospheric effect is scintillation, which causes small scale fading in GNSS received signals. Hence, there is a necessity to understand the ionospheric mor...

It is known that scintillation efficiency of organic single crystals depends on the direction of nuclear recoils relative to crystallographic axes. This property could be applied to the directional WIMP dark matter detector. The scintillation efficiency of carbon recoils in a stilbene crystal was measured for recoil energies of 30 keV to 1 MeV using neutrons from Li(p,n)Be and Cf. Anisotropic r...

Tritium activity concentration in Danube river water in Serbia has been determinate using a liquid scintillation counter Quantulus 1220. During December 2010, water samples were taken along the entire course of Danube through Serbia, from HungarianSerbian to Romanian-Serbian border. This investigation is very important because of the nearness of nuclear reactor Paks in Hungary. Sample preparati...

Liquid scintillation counting of (3H) and (‘“C) -labeled compounds on solid supports is a common practice in biochemistry. Furlong has recently emphasized “local quenching” of tritium by filter paper, and has suggested that p’s of higher energy might also be anomalously absorbed if they penetrated under the surface of a filter paper support (1, 2). It is the purpose of this report to show that ...

We present a new technique developed for the measurement of the scintillation efficiency of nuclear recoils in solid scintillators. Using this technique we measured the quenching of the scintillation efficiency for the various recoiling nuclei in CaWO4 crystals which are used in direct Dark Matter searches.

Deep and frequent Global Positioning System (GPS) signal fading due to strong ionospheric scintillation is a major concern for GPSguided aviation in equatorial areas during high solar activity. A GPS aviation receiver may lose carrier tracking lock under deep fading, and a lost channel cannot be used for position calculation until lock is reestablished. Hence, frequent loss of lock due to frequ...

We are exploring the possibility of using PIN photodiodes to readout the scintillation crystals used in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) detector designs. Semiconductor photodetectors typically have a lower signal to noise ratio than photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). However, they have the advantage of compactness, and, thus, scintillation crystal readout schemes not available to PMTs because of ...

A first comparison has been made between the pulse-shape discrimination characteristics of a novel He-based pressurized scintillation detector and a NE-213 liquid-scintillator reference detector using an Am/Be mixed-field neutron and gamma-ray source and a high-resolution scintillation-pulse digitizer. In particular, the capabilities of the two fast neutron detectors to discriminate between neu...

A Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver may lose carrier tracking lock to the GPS signal under deep and frequent fades due to ionospheric scintillation. The frequent loss of lock observed during a strong scintillation period from the past solar maximum can significantly reduce GPS aviation availability. However, the frequency diversity (L1 and L5 frequencies) from the future GPS is expected ...