The aquafeed industry is facing the lack of availability of fish meal and oil. The need of an economic and environmental sustainability has increased the use of plant-derived oils. In order to provide an overview of which ingredients are the most frequently used in GSB diet and as they affect the lipid composition of aquafeeds, we analyzed 26 feed samples collected from farmers. At the same tim...

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a sensitive marker of dietary protein utilisation in fish. Three ALT isoforms (cALT1, cALT2 and mALT) encoded by two genes have been isolated from gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Molecular characterization of ALT isozymes and gene promoters suggest involvement of cALT1 and mALT in postprandial use of dietary amino acids, while cALT2 seems associated to hepa...

Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, Moronidae), European eel (Anguilla anguilla, Anguillidae) and blackspot seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo, Sparidae) were studied to check their mucus, blood sera and tissue samples for antibacterial and agglutinating activity against a variety of Gram negative and positive bacteria. Samples were also examined for their haemolytic properties against sheep red blood ce...

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To the Editor-in-Chief of Immune Network I deeply regret but request a retraction of our paper published in Immune Network. Unfortunately, the study described above was plagiarized from the published article titled " Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) innate immune response after dietary administration of heat-inactivated potential probiotics " in FSI (2006;20:482-492). As a corresponding aut...

The family sparidae is represented in Pakistan by 14 species belonging to eight genera: the genus Acanthopagrus with four species, A. berda, A. arabicus, A. sheim, and A. catenula; Rhabdosargus, Sparidentex and Diplodus are each represented by two species, R. sarba and R. haffara, Sparidentex hasta and S. jamalensis, and Diplodus capensis and D. omanensis, and the remaining four genera are repr...