The hypothesis of a complementary relationship in regional evapotranspiration allows for estimation of actual evapotranspiration on a regional scale by simple, physically based models that take into account feedbacks in land surface-atmosphere dynamics. A regional, seasonal Advection-Aridity model is used to create a monthly time-series of actual evapotranspiration for a period of 27 years at a...

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) has long been recognized as the single most important virus causing acute severe respiratorytract infections with symptoms ranging from rhinitis to bronchitis in children who may require hospitalization. Outbreaks of RSV occur every year and all children become infected within the first two years of life, and that overloads hospital casualty services. The trans...

The Nature of Occupational Unemployment Rates in the United States: Hysteresis or Structural? This paper provides new evidence on the nature of occupational differences in unemployment dynamics, which is relevant for the debate between the structural or hysteresis hypotheses. We develop a procedure that permits us to test for the presence of a structural break at unknown date. Our approach allo...

Cholera dynamics in endemic regions display regular seasonal cycles and pronounced interannual variability. We review here the current quantitative evidence for the influence of climate on cholera dynamics with reference to the early literature on the subject. We also briefly review the incipient status of mathematical models for cholera and argue that these models are important for understandi...

Many natural population growths and interactions are affected by seasonal changes, suggesting that these natural population dynamics should be modeled by nonautonomous differential equations instead of autonomous differential equations. Through a series of carefully derived models of the well documented high-amplitude, large-period fluctuations of lemming populations, we argue that when appropr...

An extension of a discrete-time population dynamics model for wild and genetically altered mosquitoes that takes into account the effect of seasonal variability is presented. The seasonal variability is introduced into the model by allowing the birth and survival functions to have periodic parameters. We consider the stability of periodic solutions of the ratio dynamics and show that under some...

El Niño southern oscillation (ENSO) dynamics has been shown to drive seasonal influenza dynamics. Severe seasonal influenza epidemics and the 2009-2010 pandemic were coincident with chaotic regime of ENSO dynamics. ENSO dynamics from 1876 to 2016 were characterized to determine if influenza pandemics are coupled to chaotic regimes. Time-varying spectra of southern oscillation index (SOI) and se...