Humans show large and reliable performance impairments when required to make more than one simple decision simultaneously. Such multitasking costs are thought to largely reflect capacity limits in response selection (Welford, 1952; Pashler, 1984, 1994), the information processing stage at which sensory input is mapped to a motor response. Neuroimaging has implicated the left posterior lateral p...

In human and animal motor control several sensory organs contribute to a network of sensory pathways modulating the motion depending on the task and the phase of execution to generate daily motor tasks such as locomotion. To better understand the individual and joint contribution of reflex pathways in locomotor tasks, we developed a neuromuscular model that describes hopping movements. In this ...

Sensory-motor transformations are often studied using memory-guided movements to small numbers of targets. Whether target locations are directly converted into motor plans on every trial, or subjects use targets to select one of a small number of previously memorized trajectories is unknown. Well-trained monkeys made memory-guided saccades to familiar or nearby novel targets. Performance was su...

Any model of adapted physical activity must entail memory, cognition, perception, as well as motor system flexibility under changing environment situations, and variable levels of cognition [17]. Viewing motor performance from a functional system perspective allows clinicians to analyze deficits in motor behavior and prescribe the appropriate motor rehabilitation programs to enhance flexible an...

In this paper a sliding mode controller (SMC) is designed for a permanent magnet direct current (PMDC) motor to enhance the motor performance in the presence of unwanted uncertainties. Both the electrical and mechanical signals are used as the inputs to the SMC. The complete motor control system is simulated on a personal computer with different design parameters and desirable system performanc...

Voluntary motor commands produce two kinds of consequences. Initially, a sensory consequence is observed in terms of activity in our primary sensory organs (e.g., vision, proprioception). Subsequently, the brain evaluates the sensory feedback and produces a subjective measure of utility or usefulness of the motor commands (e.g., reward). As a result, comparisons between predicted and observed c...

BACKGROUND A prospective, double blind study was performed to compare the clinical effect of vertical infraclavicular and supraclavicular brachial plexus block using a nerve stimulator for upper limb surgery. METHODS One hundred patients receiving upper limb surgery under infraclavicular or supraclavicular brachial plexus block were enrolled in this study. The infraclavicular brachial plexus ...