Introduction There has been an increase in the use of herbal supplements during pregnancy, which are frequently of unproven efficacy and safety. We present a case of severe hyponatremia and altered mental status associated with the use of black cohosh during prolonged labor. Case A 39-year-old primigravida at 38(5/7) weeks of gestational age presented to the emergency department after she becam...

This investigation determined if 3 levels of controlled caffeine consumption affected fluid-electrolyte balance and renal function differently. Healthy males (mean +/- standard deviation; age, 21.6 +/- 3.3 y) consumed 3 mg caffeine . kg(-1) . d(-1). on days 1 to 6 (equilibration phase). On days 7 to 11 (treatment phase), subjects consumed either 0 mg (C0; placebo; n= 20), 3 mg (C3; n = 20), or ...

Central diabetes insipidus is an uncommon feature of malaria. A previously healthy 72-year-old man presented with fever, rigors, and altered mental status after a recent trip to Liberia, a country known for endemic falciparum malaria. Investigations confirmed plasmodium falciparum parasitemia. Within one week after admission, the serum sodium rose to 166 mEq/L and the urine output increased to ...

OBJECTIVE Oral administration of hypertonic solutions can contribute to intestinal damage in the initial stages of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. The purpose of this study is to determine the osmolality of oral liquid dosage forms used in a division of neonatology and to establish some recommendations for their dilution. METHOD The osmolality of 26 oral liquid dosage forms has been measu...

BACKGROUND Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in hospitalized patients and is known to be associated with increased mortality. The administration of antegrade single-shot, up to two liters, histidine-tryptophane-ketoglutarate (HTK) solution for adequate electromechanical cardiac arrest and myocardial preservation during minimally invasive aortic valve replacement (MIAVR) is a ...

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is the most common cause of euvolemic hypo-osmotic hyponatremia. There are several etiologies of SIADH including neuroendocrine tumor, pulmonary disease, infection, trauma, and medications. Here, we report a case of SIADH associated with a schwannoma involving the mediastinum in a 75-year-old woman who presented with nausea, vomit...

Hyponatremia is a significant complication of treatment with serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). We describe a case of a 53-year-old woman that was started on fluoxetine 20 mg/day for depression. Nine days later, the patient started with weakness, nausea, progressing to confusion, inappetence and vomit. Three hours later she became unresponsive and had a generalized seizure. She was...

INTRODUCTION Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a global healthcare problem. Some diseases and physiological states may be altered in HIV-infected individuals. Our objective was to evaluate urine creatinine and factors that influence urine creatinine in treatment-naïve HIV subjects in Nigeria. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study involving treatment-naïve HIV subjects in a te...

Serum concentrations and urinary excretion of inorganic fluoride (fluoride ion), a metabolite of sevoflurane, were measured by an ion-chromatographic analyzer after inhalation of three different concentrations of sevoflurane in adult, male Japanese white rabbits weighing 2.6-3.6 kg. Sevoflurane was administered at concentrations of 0% (control), 1%, 2% and 3% (Groups I, II, III and IV, respecti...