Nonpoint, or diffuse, sources of water pollution include urban sources such as runoff from residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, and recreational land uses; construction activities; and onsite sewage disposal systems and rural sources such as runoff from cropland, pasture, and woodland, atmospheric contributions, and livestock wastes. These sources of pollutants discharge to surf...

As part of an ongoing study, the water quality of the Susquehanna River between Otsego Lake and its junction with Oaks Creek was monitored during the summer of 1997. This monitoring program is designed to determine the assimilative capacity of the Susquehanna River below the point of discharge of the Village Sewage Treatment Plant. The study helps to detect point sources of pollution. The water...

This EA Sourcebook Update focuses on assessing the potential environmental impacts of proposed sewage outfalls on coastal waters and estuaries. It is intended to assist those involved in managing coastal wastewater discharges and planning appropriate levels of pollution control. It complements Environmental Sourcebook Updates nos. 2, 7 and 10 concerned respectively with environmental screening,...

Qiandao Lake (Xin’an Jiang reservoir) plays a significant role in drinking water supply for eastern China, and it is an attractive tourist destination. Three multivariate statistical methods were comprehensively applied to assess the spatial and temporal variations in water quality as well as potential pollution sources in Qiandao Lake. Data sets of nine parameters from 12 monitoring sites duri...

The areas with typical municipal sewage discharge river and irrigation water function were selected as study sites in northeast China. The samples from groundwater and river sediment in this area were collected for the concentrations and forms of heavy metals (Cr(VI), Cd, As, and Pb) analysis. The risk assessment of heavy metal pollution was conducted based on single-factor pollution index (I) ...

Conserving water resources and protecting them from pollution are of high account in the natural cycle of our life. This study has tried to determine the refining potential and capacity of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in order to remove the cadmium from water, studying the influence of factors such as initial concentration of cadmium, contact time, absorbent mass, and pH. Results have ...

Heavy metals are an important class of pollutants which can produce considerable harm to the environment when they are above certain concentration [1]. In these days, heavy metals pollution are detected in the rivers, lakes, soils and atmosphere environment of the world, where have relatively much more man-made pollutions, such as mining area, factory parks, busy ports and gulfs, and sewage irr...

water quality aspect with regard to dissolved oxygen was studied for a 24 kilometer stretch of malaprabha river in karnataka state, india. main objective of the research was to simulate the predicted dissolved oxygen depletion due to the waste load allocation in the river with the ambient observed values of dissolved oxygen, and to ascertain the application of mathematical modeling for predicti...

Several genotypic and phenotypic microbial source tracking (MST) methods have been proposed and utilized to differentiate groups of microorganisms, usually indicator organisms, for the purpose of tracking sources of fecal pollution. Targeting of host-specific microorganisms is one of the approaches currently being tested. These methods are useful as they circumvent the need to isolate individua...

Whereas point sources of nutrients are quite well known and controlled, there is growing concern about non-point sources, especially those that are related to individual homeowners and citizens' practices. They seem to be the hardest to manage and reduce. On-site sewage disposal systems (OSDS) are among the major contributors to the nutrient pollution of surface and ground waters. In Calvert Co...