This study examines whether making question formats better fit the cultural context of markets would improve the construct validity of estimates of willingness to pay (WTP). WTP for insecticide-treated mosquito nets was elicited using the bidding game, binary with follow-up (BWFU), and a novel structured haggling technique (SH) that mimicked price taking in market places in the study area. The ...

We present a method for generating art-directable volumetric effects, ranging from physically-accurate to non-physical results. Our system mimics the way experienced artists think about volumetric effects by using an intuitive lighting primitive, and decoupling the modeling and shading of this primitive. To accomplish this, we generalize the physically-based photon beams method to allow arbitra...

It is a well-documented fact that partial shading of a photovoltaic array reduces it output power capability. However, the relative amount of such degradation in energy production cannot be determined in a straight forward manner, as it is often not proportional to the shaded area. This paper clarifies the mechanism of partial PV shading on a number of PV cells connected in series and/or parall...

This paper presents an extraction of maximum energy from Solar Photovoltaic Array (SPVA) under partial shaded conditions by optimum selection of array size using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique. In this paper a detailed study on the output reduction of different SPVA configurations under partial shaded conditions have been carried out. A generalized MATLAB M-code based software mode...

Researchers in the field of Computer Graphics are often confronted with the trade off between visual realism and computational cost. So far, Phong and Gouraud shading have been treated as well established methods and attempts have been made to improve visual realism or to reduce computational cost or both. These methods use linear interpolation to compute the normals or intensity, respectively,...

process mining includes the automated discovery of petri nets from event logs. these event logs are the starting point for various discovery and analysis techniques of the process.  in this paper process model is developed using colored petri nets (cpns) and the supporting software package cpn tools. the restaurant process model is represented for the analysis using a combination of process min...

The aim of this study was to determine the selectivity of monofilament gillnets with different mesh size for silver crucian carp in Eğirdir Lake. In this study, it was investigated that the selectivity of monofilament gillnets with nominal mesh size (stretched) with 32, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 mm and trammel nets with 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150 mm for catching of silver crucian carp. Fieldwork...

evaluated under laboratory condition. the objective of the present study was to observe the effect of impregnated torn bednets on the number of bites by an. culicifacies a glass made tunnel test was designed to the effect of torn bednets treated with three dosages of cyfluthrin 5% ew, were induce hungry female mosquitoes to pass through holes cut in the pyrethroid treated nets. a guinea pig use...

with recent developments in communication technologies, it is possible to access information any time and in any place; however, mobile environments bring forward certain requirements and exclusive challenges including low connection speeds and bandwidth limitations. thus, we need to consider mobile limitations when using web services. providing services and limited resource allocation to users...