Butterflies are insects that must be preserved because of their role in balancing ecosystems. The purpose this study is to know the diversity butterflies Mount Bromo FSAP. This research was conducted May-August 2019. observation site consisted four stations, i.e. heterogeneous forest, cultivation field, sonokeling and pine forest. Observation each station replicated three times. Time applied by...

Terjadinya penurunan produktivitas perikanan tuna di Perairan Selatan Jawa salah satunya disebabkan oleh adanya kondisi tangkap lebih yang terjadi akibat ketidaktersediaannya informasi geografis akurat terkait jumlah dan jenis spesies. Pendekatan spasial keragaman habitat spesies mampu memberikan prediksi tentang pada suatu daerah penangkapan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan peta kl...

Soil microorganisms play an important role in agricultural ecosystem. However, there is little information about the effects of putative allelochemicals on specific soil vivo. Cucumber seedlings were treated with four concentrations ferulic and p-hydroxybenzoic acids (0-1.0 μmol g-1 soil) soil. Effects rhizosphere Fusarium community structures abundance analyzed by polymerase chain reaction den...

A long-term assessment of the benthic habitat quality intertidal flats in Liaohe Estuary was conducted by three integrating ecological indices, AZTI’s Marine Biotic Index (AMBI), Multivariate-AMBI (M-AMBI), and Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H′) based on macrobenthos data from 2013 to 2020. The results showed that macrobenthic communities were characterized indifferent sensitive species AMBI g...

In this paper the Wiener and hyper Wiener index of two kinds of dendrimer graphs are determined. Using the Wiener index formula, the Szeged, Schultz, PI and Gutman indices of these graphs are also determined.

Urban forests are one of the natural ecosystems in urban environments. One most important components forest ecosystem is understory shrubs. Therefore, this study aims to estimate diversity shrubs Srengseng Forest Jakarta City. The biodiversity calculated using Shannon-Wiener index (H') and mapped Geographic Information System (GIS). In study, 24 plots measuring 2 m by each were placed survey to...

The Wiener index of a connected graph G, denoted by W(G) , is defined as ∑ ( , ) , ∈ ( ) .Similarly, hyper-Wiener index of a connected graph G,denoted by WW(G), is defined as ( ) + ∑ ( , ) , ∈ ( ) .In this paper, we present the explicit formulae for the Wiener, hyper-Wiener and reverse Wiener indices of some graph operations. Using the results obtained here, the exact formulae for Wiener, hyper...

Plankton is an organism that plays important role as a water food reserve, which influenced by environmental conditions. This study aims to determine the community structure, abundance and biodiversity of phytoplankton zooplankton in intertidal zone south coast Yogyakarta during rainy season. The research was conducted at Pantai Drini, Kukup, Sundak Gunungkidul District December 2016 - February...