BACKGROUND Significant domestic and global research has focused on HIV risk among China's large internal migrant population. Much of this work takes an individual behavior approach while ignoring the critical role social networks play in shaping HIV risk. METHODS Based on past studies among migrant men in China of yingchou activities (activities that build and reinforce social networks such a...

Online Social Networks (OSNs) encourage users to create an online presence that reflects their offline identity. OSNs create the illusion that these online accounts correspond to the correct offline person, but in reality the OSN lacks the resources to detect impersonation. We propose that OSN users identify each other based on interaction and experience. We believe that impersonation can be th...

The digital hardware implementation of various fuzzy operations furthermore of fuzzy flip-flops has been the subject of intense study and application. The fuzzy D flip-flop derived from fuzzy J-K one is a single input single output unit with sigmoid transfer characteristics in some particular cases, proper to use as neuron in a Fuzzy Neural Networks (FNN). In this paper we propose the hardware ...

Explainability has emerged as a critical AI research objective, but the breadth of proposed methods and application domains suggest that criteria for explanation vary greatly. In particular, what counts good explanation, kinds are computationally feasible, become trickier in light oqaque “black box” systems such deep neural networks. Explanation cases drifted from many philosophers stipulated h...

Security is the major area of concern in communication channel. Security is very crucial in wireless sensor networks which are deployed in remote environments. Adversary can disrupt the communication within multi hop sensor networks by launching the attack. The common attacks which disrupt the communication of nodes are packet dropping, packet modification, packet fake routing, badmouthing atta...

Universal Adversarial Perturbations (UAPs) are input perturbations that can fool a neural network on large sets of data. They class attacks represents significant threat as they facilitate realistic, practical, and low-cost networks. In this work, we derive upper bounds for the effectiveness UAPs based norms data-dependent Jacobians. We empirically verify Jacobian regularization greatly increas...

Online communities such as newsgroups and mailinglists are constructed around a common interest and a shared set of norms that regulates communication. These communicative norms can be studied either by observing the communicative practice of the participants or by analyzing what group members say about correct and appropriate behavior in that community (referred to as metacommunication). This ...

How do people sustain resources for the benefit of individuals and communities and avoid the tragedy of the commons, in which shared resources become exhausted? In the present study, we examined the role of serotonin activity and social norms in the management of depletable resources. Healthy adults, alongside social partners, completed a multiplayer resource-dilemma game in which they repeated...