Wind and earthquake disasters in the world often cause billions of dollars of damage to buildings, most of which is to non-engineered buildings-especially homes. Wood-frame homes use connectors which exhibit partial rotational rigidity at the member ends, making analytical solutions difficult. This is due to the lack of information about the complex behavior of the connections used in this type...

objective: comparing the effect of repeated opening of the container lid of two dentin adhesive systems, prime&bond; nt (p&b; nt) and ibond (ib), on shear bond strength. materials and methods: intact bovine lower incisors (n=60), fixed in acrylic were ran-domly divided into six groups (n=10). groups i and ii were set as control groups. p&b; nt and ib were applied on the samples after five days ...

Failure of solder joints under shear frequently occurs along a path near and parallel to, but not necessarily exactly at, the interface between the alloy and the bonding material. A numerical finite element analysis was employed to simulate the deformation in solder during cyclic lap-shear testing. High magnitudes of equivalent plastic strain were seen to initiate from the corner regions and sp...

Micro hotlm shear-stress sensors have been developed by using surface micromachining techniques. The sensor consists of a suspended silicon-nitride diaphragm located on top of a vacuum-sealed cavity. A heating and heat-sensing element, made of poly-crystalline silicon material, resides on top of the diaphragm. The underlying vacuum cavity greatly reduces conductive heat loss to the substrate an...

Fracture behavior of Cu-Ni laminate composites was investigated by tensile testing. It was found that as the individual layer thickness decreases from 100 to 20 nm, the resultant fracture angle of the Cu-Ni laminate changes from 72° to 50°. Cross-sectional observations reveal that the fracture of the Ni layers transforms from opening to shear mode while that of the Cu layers keeps shear mode. C...

OBJECTIVE Knee ligament injuries frequently cause devastating impairment to the injured. In car-pedestrian impact accidents, lateral-medial shear displacement is one of principal mechanisms of knee ligament injuries. The current study aims to investigate injury thresholds of knee ligaments under lateral-medial shear loading to improve pedestrian safety. METHODS Ten isolated human knee joints ...

The plastic flow of metallic glasses (MGs) in bulk is mediated by nanoscale shear bands, which is known to proceed in a stick-slip manner until reaching a transition state causing catastrophic failures. Such a slip-to-failure transition controls the plasticity of MGs and resembles many important phenomena in natural science and engineering, such as friction, lubrication and earthquake, therefor...