A microfluidic device is presented for the serial formation, storage and retrieval of water microdroplets in oil. The principle of operation is similar to that of an electronic shift register. Droplets, considered as units of information, can be arrayed and serially shifted within the device, allowing the controllable positioning of the emulsions and the creation of interfaces between drops. Us...

Any learner with the ability to predict the future of a structured time-varying signal must maintain a memory of the recent past. If the signal has a characteristic timescale relevant to future prediction, the memory can be a simple shift register—a moving window extending into the past, requiring storage resources that linearly grows with the timescale to be represented. However, an independen...

We have prepared and detected quantum coherences of trapped cesium atoms with long dephasing times. Controlled transport by an "optical conveyor belt" over macroscopic distances preserves the atomic coherence with slight reduction of coherence time. The limiting dephasing effects are experimentally identified, and we present an analytical model of the reversible and irreversible dephasing mecha...

For computation of a posteriori probabilities (APP’s), the wellknown BCJR algorithm is often applied. If the underlying model is a nonrecursive shift register process, it will be shown that this algorithm obtains a general memory redundancy if the computation is performed over a commutative semiring with an absorbing zero element. The result is of particular interest for the BCJR algorithm carr...

1 One of the main drawbacks of the conventional reseeding architecture is the limited seed efficiency due to the variance in the number of specified bits per vector. This paper proposes a new LFSR reseeding architecture that essentially solves this problem, resulting in a significant compression ratio. The compression ratio is very close to the entropy in terms of #total bits / #specified bits....

Fugue is an intriguing hash function design with a novel shift-register based compression structure and has formal security proofs e.g. against collision attacks. In this paper, we present an analysis of Fugue’s structural properties, and describe our strategies to construct distinguishers for Fugue components.

An algorithm for determining whether or not an arbitrary sequential machine can be synthesized using only shift registers or up-down counters as memory elements is presented. When realization is possible, a basis for state assignment is given. State-partitioning techniques are used to this end and it is concluded that by means of a single test, it is possible to simultaneously check for realiza...

A basic theory of two-dimensional cyclic codes (TDC codes) is presented. This theory is applicable to the binary TDC codes of odd area, i.e., the TDC codes with an odd number of symbols from GF(2). It is shown that such TDC codes are completely characterized by the common zeros, which correspond to the roots for ordinary cyclic codes. The fundamental structure of the codes such as the positions...

Cryptographically strong sequences should have a large 2-adic complexity to thwart the known feedback with carry shift register (FCSR) synthesis algorithms. At the same time the change of a few terms should not cause a significant decrease of the 2-adic complexity. This requirement leads to the concept of the k-error 2-adic complexity. In this paper, an algorithm for computing the k-error 2-adi...

A general framework for the design of feedback registers based on algebra over complete rings is described. These registers generalize linear feedback shift registers and feedback with carry shift registers. Basic properties of the output sequences are studied: relations to the algebra of the underlying ring; synthesis of the register from the sequence (which has implications for cryptanalysis)...