BACKGROUND Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) stimulation has been used successfully to treat nonunion fractures and femoral head osteonecrosis, but relatively little is known about its effects on preventing steroid-induced osteonecrosis. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of PEMF stimulation on the prevention of steroid-induced osteonecrosis in rats and explore the under...

BACKGROUND Steroid associated osteonecrosis is difficult to treat. Teriparatide, as the only one bone anabolic drug, has achieved very promising effect in osteoporosis and other bone skeletal diseases. We carried out this animal study to evaluate the effect of subcutaneous injection of teriparatide for the steroid induced femoral head necrosis in a rat model. METHODS 24 Sprague-Dawley male ad...

'Necrotising periodontal diseases' is an umbrella term for necrotising gingivitis, periodontitis, stomatitis and noma. These rapidly destructive conditions are characterised by pain, interdental ulceration gingival necrosis which, if left untreated, can result in osteonecrosis. Research indicates that patients with a history of alcohol misuse at increased risk malnutrition, which negatively aff...

-stress fractures with surrounding bone marrow edema are most commonly seen in the medial femoral condyle and medial tibia secondary to radial or complex tears of the medial meniscus; the bone cut off from its blood supply by the subchondral fracture is at risk to develop osteonecrosis, therefore a follow-up MRI is typically useful in this setting to ensure fracture healing and exclude the deve...

Mueller-Weiss syndrome is a rare entity related to adult-onset spontaneous osteonecrosis of the navicular. It is a painful and debilitating illness, which is more frequent in women and can be either unilateral or bilateral. It was first described by Walther Mueller in 1927, who believed this condition was due to chronic compression of the navicular from the adjacent bones. In 1929, Konrad Weiss...

Bisphosphonates are a common treatment for osteoporosis. Osteonecrosis of the jaw has been associated with the use of bisphosphonates, usually when they have been used parenterally to treat malignancies. Cases associated with oral bisphosphonate as a treatment for osteoporosis are less frequent. We describe two patients exhibiting the clinical manifestations of bisphosphonate-associated osteone...

This paper outlines the concept of agency in interactive narratives and focuses on the video game Silent Hill 2 as an example that defies the very concept. In what ways agency was deemed as an essential part in interactive narratives and narrative video games are summarized. Then the method of agency in Silent Hill 2 is proposed as an alternative to our familiar understanding of the concept age...