Similarity-based and rule-based accounts of cognition are often portrayed as opposing accounts. In this paper we suggest that in learning and development, the process of comparison can act as a bridge between similarity-based and rule-based processing. We suggest that comparison involves a process of structural alignment and mapping between two representations. This kind of structure-sensitive ...

In this paper, new similarity, inclusion measure and entropy between type-2 fuzzy sets corresponding to grades of memberships are proposed. We also create the relationships among these measures between type-2 fuzzy sets. Several examples are used to present the calculation of these similarity, inclusion measure and entropy between type-2 fuzzy sets. The comparison results show that the proposed...

Many methods are available for computing semantic similarity between individual words, but certain NLP tasks require the comparison of word pairs. This paper presents a kernel-based framework for application to relational reasoning tasks of this kind. The model presented here combines information about two distinct types of word pair similarity: lexical similarity and relational similarity. We ...

This article reviews the status of similarity as an explanatory construct with a focus on similarity judgments. For similarity to be a useful construct, one must be able to specify the ways or respects in which two things are similar. One solution to this problem is to restrict the notion of similarity to hard-wired perceptual processes. It is argued that this view is too narrow and limiting. I...

Similarity measure is a very important problem in fuzzy soft set theory. In this paper, seven similarity measures of fuzzy soft sets are introduced, which are based on the normalized Hamming distance, the normalized Euclidean distance, the generalized normalized distance, the Type-2 generalized normalized distance, the Type-2 normalized Euclidean distance, the Hausdorff distance and the Chebysh...

Molecular quantum similarity was studied for a set of peptide isosteres analyzed before by Boon et al. (Chemical Physics Letters, 1998, 295 122). Overlap and Coulomb similarity measures in coordinate space were calculated using the TGSA (Topo-Geometrical Superposition Algorithm) algorithm for the alignment of molecules instead of the one used in the previous work, and a comparison between the s...