Seismic interferometry recovers the Green's function between two receivers by cross-correlating the field measured from sources that surround the receivers. In the seismic literature, it has been widely reported that this processing can produce artifacts in the Green's function estimate called "spurious multiples" or the "virtual refracted wave." The spurious multiples are attributed to the hea...

A number of experiments have looked at various factors when visualizing dynamic graphs. Animation, small multiples, drawing stability (also known as the mental map) have been investigated. In this paper, we examine these results from the perspective of presentation method— mainly animation and small multiples. We also present findings of recent empirical studies on drawing stability and how the...

To better interpret the subsurface structures and characterize reservoir, a depth model quantifying P-wave velocity together with additional rock’s physical parameters such as density, S-wave velocity, anisotropy is always preferred by geologists engineers. Tradeoffs among different can bring extra challenges to seismic inversion process. In this study, we propose test Direct Waveform Inversion...

A very popular and effective way of removing multiples is by creating a multiple model (Verschuur et al., 1992) and using it in order to perform the attenuation of the multiples. From this multiple model, two different strategies are possible. A first strategy might consist in subtracting this model from the data. A second strategy might consist in using this model as an estimate of the noise m...

Imaging with seismic data is typically carried out under the assumption of single scattering. Here we illustrate a theory that includes multiply scattered waves in the imaging process. We estimate artifacts in the image caused by internal multiples rather than estimating the multiples themselves in the data. The theory behind this approach comes from a series derived from the LippmannSchwinger ...

For VSP data, interferometric migration of free-surface multiples has two significant advantages over standard VSP migration: 1). a significantly larger imaging area than that of conventional migration of VSP primaries, and 2). less sensitivity to velocity and static errors than conventional migration of VSP multiples. In this report we validate these claims by applying wave-equation interferom...

Seismic interferometry has become a technology of growing interest for imaging from borehole seismic data. We demonstrate that interferometry of internal multiples can be used to image targets above a borehole receiver array. We use an interferometry technique that targets the reconstruction of specific primary reflections from multiply reflected waves. In this target-oriented interferometry ap...

For integers g ≥ 2, k ≥ 2, call a number N a (g, k)-reverse multiple if the reversal of N in base g is equal to k times N . The numbers 1089 and 2178 are the two smallest (10, k)reverse multiples, their reversals being 9801 = 9 · 1089 and 8712 = 4 · 2178. In 1992, A. L. Young introduced certain trees in order to study the problem of finding all (g, k)-reverse multiples. By using modified versio...