It has been more than six decades since the first report of sickle cell anaemia in Indian subcontinent. Since then the researchers have been reported various haemoglobin varients prevalent in India, they are HbS, Hbβ(T), HbE and HbD. Earlier studies were confined to tribal and scheduled castes populations as if sickle haemoglobin was restricted to these two groups only. Since a decade or so, fe...

INDIAN PEDIATRICS 1072 VOLUME 41OCTOBER 17, 2004 In developing countries including Pakistan, due to lack of resources for universal and effective screening of blood donors for antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), blood transfusion is still a major source of HCV transmission. Therefore, in addition to other potential recipients of blood transfusion, the thalassemic patients on a long-term...

The importance of Shoneez may be gauged from the fact that it cures every disease except; death as stated by blessed messenger of Islam. Worldwide Shoneez has been subjected to so much of scrutiny and exploitation as to its phyto chemical constituents. Shoneez commonly known as black seed (Kalonji) belongs to the family of Ranunculaceae. Seeds are used since time immemorial for the treatment of...

The present study was undertaken to conduct a comparative ultrasonographic study of the normal bovine spleen and liver. This study was carried out in two phases using 3.5 MHz curvilinear transducer. In first phase of water bath study, bovine spleens and livers were obtained from 3 healthy cadavers and subjected to repeated ultrasonography to study the echotexture. The splenic parenchyma was iso...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictions of dry matter intake (DM) and average daily gain (ADG) of Vietnamese Yellow (Vang) purebred and crossbred (Vang with Red Sindhi or Brahman) bulls fed under Vietnamese conditions using two levels of solution (1 and 2) of the large ruminant nutrition system (LRNS) model. Animal information and feed chemical characterization were obtained...

BACKGROUND In 2005, Pakistan was first labeled as a country with concentrated epidemic of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This was revealed through second generation surveillance conducted by HIV/AIDS Surveillance Project (HASP). While injection drug users (IDUs) were driving the epidemic, subsequent surveys showed that Hijra (transgender) sex workers (HSWs) were emerging as the second most...

Haemoglobinopathies are group of diseases characterized by abnormalities both quantitative and qualitative in the synthesis of haemoglobin. Haemoglobinopathies consist of sickle cell anaemia (SCA), thalassaemia (β) and variant haemoglobins. In India, they are responsible for the largest number of genetic disorders and hence are of great public health hazardous. In India major concerned haemoglo...

About one fourth of the world population, living in South Asia region are at an increased risk atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD).1,2 Pakistan’s population comprises over 200 million inhabitants Asian origin. According to a recent study, more than 30% Pakistani individuals were high (>7.5%) 10 years ASCVD event. Smoking, diabetes (type II), systemic hypertension, and cholesterol...

Hyderabad is the third largest city of Pakistan, the second largest city of Sindh Province and one of the oldest cities of the sub-continent. This administrative headquarter is located just east of the River Indus and is an important commercial and industrial center. Once a provincial capital, it is at a distance of approximately 200-km from Karachi. This present study was conducted with the ob...

India is considered a linguistic ocean with 4 language families and 22 scheduled national languages, and 100 un-scheduled languages reported by the 2001 census. This puts tremendous pressures on the Indian government to not only have comprehensive language policies, but also to create resources for their maintenance and development. In the age of information technology, there is a greater need ...