A mathematical method for accurately determining the upper and lower diffuse-fraction (kd) limits that divide sky into clear, intermediate, overcast is developed. Fourteen sites around world are selected demonstrating methodology. The kd values these determined from scatter plots of direct-normal solar radiation vs. pairs over typical meteorological year each site. They vary between 0.73 0.80 0...

Ecological site classification has emerged as a highly effective land management framework, but its utility at a regional scale has been limited due to the spatial ambiguity of ecological site locations in the U.S. or the absence of ecological site maps in other regions of the world. In response to these shortcomings, this study evaluated the use of hyper-temporal remote sensing (i.e., hundreds...

The species indicator approach to forest site classification was evaluated for 210 relatively undisturbed plots established by the USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis unit (FIA) in western North Carolina. Plots were classified by low, medium, and high levels of productivity based on IO-year individual tree basal area increment data standardized for initial stocking. Chi-square ana...

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background: prediction of interaction sites within the membrane protein complexes using the sequence data is of a great importance, because it would find applications in modification of molecules transport through membrane, signaling pathways and drug targets of many diseases. nevertheless, it has gained little attention from the protein structural bioinformatics community. methods: in this stu...