IMPORTANCE Acellular dermal matrices have many current and potential applications, but their long-term safety has not been extensively studied. In particular, limited information exists regarding such materials' resistance to infection. OBJECTIVE To assess the resistance to microbial penetration of common acellular dermal matrix materials used in reconstruction after skin cancer excision, tre...

BACKGROUND Due to its strong water binding potential, hyaluronic acid (HA) is a well-known active ingredient for cosmetic applications. However, based on its varying molecular size, skin penetration of HA may be limited. Recent studies have demonstrated that low-molecular-weight HA (LMW HA) may show a certain proinflammatory activity. We thus aimed to characterize an LMW-sized HA molecule that ...

The skin is the largest organ in the body and an obvious route for both local and systemic drug delivery. Antisense oligomers have tremendous potential as therapeutic agents for numerous diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of vehicle on the transdermal delivery of several phosphorodiamidate Morpholino oligomers (PMOs) with different sizes, lengths, base compos...

BACKGROUND AND THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Sertraline hydrochloride is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor principally used in the treatment of major depressive disorder. To maintain the therapeutic plasma drug concentration of the drug for prolonged period, the transdermal drug delivery has been chosen as an alternative route of drug delivery. The pharmacokinetic properties of sertraline hyd...

Collaborative research between the disciplines of forensic pathology and biomechanics was undertaken to investigate the hyperelastic properties of human skin, to determine the force required for sharp instrument penetration of skin, and to develop a finite element model, which reflects the mechanisms of sharp instrument penetration. These studies have led to the development of a "stab metric," ...

For diagnostic or therapeutic technologies using femtosecond laser-induced optical breakdown (LIOB) in turbid biological tissues, pulses of sufficient fluence must be delivered to the site of interest. As light attenuates and diffuses rapidly due to wavelength-dependent absorption and scattering, it is important to develop penetration optimization schemes. In this study, we use a high frequency...

BACKGROUND Percutaneous penetration of urea in vivo in man has been documented. If urea can penetrate the skin, it may also move laterally. Lateral spreading of topical substances leads to unpredictable penetration dynamics and increased skin surface area exposure. METHODS The ability of urea, a low molecular-weight hydrophilic model, to penetrate the stratum corneum (SC) and spread outside t...

AIMS The penetration of active ingredients from topically applied anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical products into tissues below the skin is the basis of their therapeutic efficacy. There is still controversy as to whether these agents are capable of direct penetration by diffusion through the tissues or whether redistribution in the systemic circulation is responsible for their tissue deposition...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ultradeformable liposome components, Tween 20 and terpenes, on vesicle fluidity. The fluidity was evaluated by electron spin resonance spectroscopy using 5-doxyl stearic acid and 16-doxyl stearic acid as spin labels for phospholipid bilayer fluidity at the C5 atom of the acyl chain near the polar head group (hydrophilic region) and the ...

Poor penetration of diclofenac through in vitro rat dorsal skin including subcutaneous tissue was observed. The poor penetration of diclofenac seemed to be predominIntly due to the poor permeability of the stratum corneum. Hydrogenated soya phospholipids (phospholipid) in aqueous gel form increased the penetration of diclofenac in the in vitro study, by increasing diclofenac transport through t...