The most perspicuous phenomenon that demonstrates the head-final property of Japanese is the sentence-final clusters of auxiliary verbs such as (s)ase and conjunctive particles nagara. Although they are related to the hierarchical clause structure that has been discussed in the literature of Japanese linguistics, the hierarchical complexities have also been one of the major causes of the failur...

One challenge faced by many Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) systems is poor scalability to problems with large search spaces and many examples. Randomized search methods such as stochastic clause selection (SCS) and rapid random restarts (RRR) have proven somewhat successful at addressing this weakness. However, on datasets where hypothesis evaluation is computationally expensive, even these ...

When a sentence with more than one clause is processed, words of the first clause become less available for recall or recogrrition once the clause boundary has been passed. One common interpretation of this observation is that the representation of a given word shifts from a predominantly surface form (e.g., phonological or lexical) to a semantic form, after the clause boundary. Ttvo experiment...

This paper discusses a model of constraint satisfaction problems known as uniquely extendible constraint satisfaction problems. This model includes and generalizes XOR-SAT, and the model includes an NP-complete problem that appears to share many of the threshold characteristics of random SAT. In this paper we find an exact threshold in the behavior of two versions of DPLL on random instances of...

The past decade has seen clause learning as the most successful algorithm for SAT instances arising from real-world applications. This practical success is accompanied by theoretical results showing clause learning as equivalent in power to resolution. There exist, however, problems that are intractable for resolution, for which clause-learning solvers are hence doomed. In this paper, we presen...

In spoken language, parentheticals are marked by a special intonation: -clear breaks before and after; -spoken faster or slower than the main clause; -lower pitch of the voice. The intonation contour of the main clause is continued after the end of the parenthetical. Intuitively it is obvious, what parentheticals are: Expressions, ranging from single words to complex clauses, are built in into ...