Commercial standard gas generators are often complex and expensive devices. The objective of this research was to assess the performance of a simplified glass impinger system for standard gas generation from a permeation tube (PT) device. The performance of the impinger standard gas generation system was assessed for four aromatic VOCs (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and m-xylene; BTEX) at var...

In this paper we demonstrate the potential of combining electric hybridization with a dual-fuel natural gas-Diesel engine. We show that carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced to 43 gram per kilometer with a subcompact car on the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC). The vehicle is operated in charge-sustaining mode, which means that all energy is provided by the fuel. The result is obtained by ha...

This paper presents the effect of friction on the performance of spark ignition engine using gas mixture as working fluid. The results were compared to frictionless engine. Engine parameters that were studied include equivalence ratio, engine speed, break mean effective pressure (BMEP), and cycle thermal efficiency. It was found for the frictionless engine operating at 6000 rev min and stoichio...

In a turbocharged engine, preserving the maximum amount of exhaust pulse energy for turbine operation will result in improved low end torque and engine transient response. However, the exhaust flow entering the turbine is highly unsteady, and the presence of the turbine as a restriction in the exhaust flow results in a higher pressure at the cylinder exhaust ports and consequently poor scavengi...

diesel engine emission standards are being more stringent as it gains more publicity in industry and transportation. hence, designers have to suggest new controlling strategies which result in small amounts of emissions and a reasonable fuel economy. to achieve such a target, multi-objective optimization methodology is a good approach inasmuch as several types of objective are minimized or maxi...

Languages for music audio processing typically offer a large assortment of unit generators. There is great duplication among different language implementations, as each language must implement many of the same (or nearly the same) unit generators. Csound has a large library of unit generators and could be a useful source of reusable unit generators for other languages or for direct use in appli...