Ab initio total energy calculations reveal benzene-dithiolate molecules on a gold surface, contacted by a monatomic gold STM tip to have two classes of low-energy conformations with differing symmetries. Lateral motion of the tip or excitation of the molecule cause it to change from one conformation class to the other and to switch between a strongly and a weakly conducting state. Thus, surpris...

Simple answers are given to the following and related questions: For what Hubert space operator A is it true that the smallest ideal (alternatively, the smallest norm ideal, the smallest maximal norm ideal) containing A is a norm (an intermediate norm, a principal norm) ideal? Do these ideals support a nontrivial unitary invariant positive linear functional?

Understanding the behavior of the universe at large depends critically on insights about the smallest units of matter and their fundamental interactions. Inflationary cosmology is a highly successful framework for exploring these interconnections between particle physics and gravitation. Inflation makes several predictions about the present state of the universe-such as its overall shape, large...

We report here a benchmark study on the bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (S(N)2) reaction between hydride and methane, for which we have obtained reference energies at the coupled cluster toward full configuration-interaction limit (CC-cf/CBS). Several wavefunction (HF, MP2, coupled cluster) and density functional methods are compared for their reliability regarding these reference data.

We synthesized a series of one-dimensional (1D) iodo-bridged platinum compounds with long alkyl chains on the counterions. In the compounds, the shortest Pt···Pt distance and the smallest band gap thus far reported were achieved. These compounds were found to be in a CDW state by using synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements.

We describe the two smallest minimal blocking sets of Q(2n, 3), n > 3. To obtain these results, we use the characterization of the smallest minimal blocking sets of Q(6, 3), different from an ovoid. We also present some geometrical properties of ovoids of Q(6, q), q odd.

The (symmetric) genus of a finite group may be defined as the smallest genus of those closed orientable surfaces on which G acts faithfully as a group of automorphisms. In this paper the genus of each of the five Mathieu groups Mn, M12, M22, M23 and M24 is determined, with the help of some computer calculations and a little-known theorem of Ree on permutations.

A finite cover C of a group G is a finite collection of proper subgroups of G such that G is equal to the union of all of the members of C. Such a cover is called minimal if it has the smallest cardinality among all finite covers of G. The covering number of G, denoted by σ(G), is the number of subgroups in a minimal cover of G. In this paper the covering number of the Mathieu group M24 is show...

The scaled distribution of the smallest eigenvalue in the Laguerre orthogonal and symplectic ensembles is evaluated in terms of a Painlevé V transcendent. This same Painlevé V transcendent is known from the work of Tracy and Widom, where it has been shown to specify the scaled distribution of the smallest eigenvalue in the Laguerre unitary ensemble. The starting point for our calculation is the...

Recently the signless Laplacian matrix of graphs has been intensively investigated. While there are many results about the largest eigenvalue of the signless Laplacian, the properties of its smallest eigenvalue are less well studied. The present paper surveys the known results and presents some new ones about the smallest eigenvalue of the signless Laplacian.