INTRODUCTION  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by progressive and partially reversible obstruction of pulmonary airflow. AIM  To characterize swallowing in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and correlate the findings with the degree chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart and respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and smoking. METHOD  We conducted ...

A total of 200 smoking-related laryngeal carcinoma patients with pathology confirmation from the Eye and ENT Hospital and 190 high-risk smokers were included in a survey. All of the participants had a smoking index greater than 400 (cigarettes/day*year.) We obtained data on clinical and baseline characteristics, and peripheral blood was obtained and subjected to DNA extraction to analyse the co...

BACKGROUND The GOLD classification of COPD severity introduces a stage 0 (at risk) comprising individuals with productive cough and normal lung function. The aims of this study were to investigate total mortality risks in GOLD stages 0-4 with special focus on stage 0, and furthermore to assess the influence of symptoms of chronic bronchitis on mortality risks in GOLD stages 1-4. METHOD Betwee...

BACKGROUND/AIM This study was conducted to determine the effect of transtheoretical model (TTM)-based individual counseling, training, and a 6-month follow-up on smoking cessation in adult women. MATERIALS AND METHODS We carried out this randomized controlled trial in Konya, Turkey. Female subjects were randomly assigned into groups in a 1:1 ratio using block randomization, block size 3 × 3, ...

OBJECTIVE To see whether the stages of change are useful for targeting a brief intervention to reduce smoking based on implementation intentions. A second objective was to rule out demand characteristics as an alternative explanation for the findings of intervention studies based on the transtheoretical model and implementation intentions. DESIGN Participants (N = 350) were randomized to a pa...

BACKGROUND Smoking is an important cardiovascular risk. We hypothesized that a ban on smoking in a hospital could decrease the in-hospital onset of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS Our hospital provided separate facilities for smokers and nonsmokers from 1981 to 2002. From 2002 to 2006, we began to introduce smoke-free zones throughout the entire building. During this period, smokin...

This study in Egypt investigated the influence of selected maternal factors on neonatal birth size. Data were collected after delivery from 782 apparently healthy pregnant women and their neonates. A questionnaire on personal, medical, socioeconomic status, smoking habits and exposure to smoking was completed. Maternal weight and height, food frequency intake during pregnancy and haemoglobin le...

Human deep sleep is characterized by reduced sensory activity, responsiveness to stimuli, and conscious awareness. Given its ubiquity and reversible nature, it represents an attractive paradigm to study the neural changes which accompany the loss of consciousness in humans. In particular, the deepest stages of sleep can serve as an empirical test for the predictions of theoretical models relati...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a truss mattress upon sleep and bed climate. The truss mattress which has been designed to decrease the pressure and bed climate humidity was tested. Six healthy female volunteers with a mean age of 23.3 years, served as subjects. The experiment was carried out under two conditions: a truss mattress (T) and a futon (F) (Japanese bedding). ...

STUDY OBJECTIVES The program provides a unique opportunity to compare a large number of scorers with varied levels of experience to determine sleep stage scoring agreement. The objective is to examine areas of disagreement to inform future revisions of the AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events. METHODS The sample included 9 record fragments, 1,800 epochs and more than 3,2...