Faces provide humans with information on the age, sex, individual identity, and emotional state of other individuals. Face discrimination was likely advantageous in the evolution of many group living species; however, little is known about how a species’ sociality relates to their face discrimination skills. This may be particularly interesting in the context of discriminating familiar versus u...

Many notions of fairness in data-driven decision making are inspired by the concept of discrimination in social sciences and law, and focus on ensuring parity (equality) in treatment or outcomes for different social groups. In this paper, we propose preference-based notions of fairness with the goals of avoiding potential ‘reverse-discrimination’ and enabling high decision accuracy. We introduc...

Obesity, a serious health problem affecting millions of people in industrialized societies, has also a social dimension that has been mostly ignored by the medical and social sciences. In order to prove that discrimination in the workplace has a bearing on the well-being of obese people, an experimental study was designed in which 110 obese patients of a big Spanish hospital who were at the mom...

Self and kin discrimination are observed in most kingdoms of life and are mediated by highly polymorphic plasma membrane proteins. Sequence polymorphism, which is essential for effective recognition, is maintained by balancing selection. Dictyostelium discoideum are social amoebas that propagate as unicellular organisms but aggregate upon starvation and form fruiting bodies with viable spores a...

Subchronic treatment with the psychotomimetic phencyclidine (PCP) has been proposed as a rodent model of the negative and cognitive/executive symptoms of schizophrenia. There has, however, been a paucity of studies on this model in mice, despite the growing use of the mouse as a subject in genetic and molecular studies of schizophrenia. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of subchron...

Prominent explanations of the overrepresentation of Black Americans in criminal justice statistics focus on the effects of neighborhood concentrated disadvantage, racial isolation, and social disorganization. We suggest that perceived personal discrimination is an important but frequently neglected complement to these factors. We test this hypothesis with longitudinal data on involvement in gen...

People routinely consider the opinions of others prior to making decisions on matters of taste (e.g., a restaurant or movie). Our theoretical framework highlights the role of two sources, social (majority) influence and similarity among advisors, in such decisions. We suggest that individuals’ use of these sources depends on their taste discrimination. While highly discriminating judges seek th...

The homeless are a vulnerable population in many respects. Those experiencing homelessness not only experience personal and economic hardship they also frequently face discrimination and exclusion because of their housing status. Although past research has shown that identifying with multiple groups can buffer against the negative consequences of discrimination on well-being, it remains to be s...

LGBT communities are emerging across Africa in 2012. Many are emerging in the context of the continents severe HIV epidemic. Homophobia is a barrier to social acceptance and to health and other social services, but African communities are showing reliance in addressing stigma and discrimination, and in organizing for rights and social tolerance.

Two of the most studied psychosocial variables in relation to HIV are behavioral adaptation and perceived discrimination. The main objective of this study was to analyze whether behavioral adaptation and perceived discrimination can predict risky behaviors for HIV infection depending on cultural and gender differences. The sample was composed of 815 adolescents aged between 14 and 19 years old ...