BACKGROUND Worldwide breast cancer incidence correlates with socioeconomic status and increases in parallel with westernization, however urban-rural disparity and trends have not been adequately investigated in China. METHODS The age standardized rate (ASR) of female breast cancer by population-based cancer registration was compared between urban Shijiazhuang city and rural Shexian County in ...

OBJECTIVES Young children, children from lower socioeconomic status and boys have the highest risk of pedestrian injury. This study examined the relationship between cognition and specific pedestrian skills of these groups of children in Iran. METHODS 180 Iranian children aged 7 and 11 years from lower- and higher-socioeconomic status backgrounds participated in the study. A task to identify ...

Recent research has demonstrated that data collected from ubiquitous sources can be exploited to estimate socioeconomic factors. Here we discuss the kind of novel application that can be built using this new understanding and the challenges presented.

Analysing farmer knowledge of the requirements of finance providers can provide valuable insights to policy makers about ways to improve farmers' access to finance. This study compares farmer knowledge of the requirements to obtain finance with the actual requirements set by different finance provider types, and investigates the relation between demographic and socioeconomic factors and farmer ...

the present study illustrates the long-term changes in selected socioeconomic variables (population,industrial activities, settlement dispersion, and land-use) together with climate aridity trends in thriasio, the larger industrial area of greece located twenty kilometers far from athens. this region, originally devoted to agriculture, experienced fast industrial and economic development during...

The controversy over the relative merits of customary and individual land tenure in Papua New Guinea and other island states of the South Pacific continues unabated. Steven Gosarevski, Helen Hughes and Susan Windybank (2004b) (hereafter cited Hughes as the senior author) stirred up a hornet’s nest by asserting ‘communal ownership has not permitted any country to develop. In Papua New Guinea, wh...

The Brazilian agro-industrial frontier in Mato Grosso rapidly expanded in total area of mechanized production and in total value of production in the last decade. This article shows the spatial pattern of that expansion from 2000 to 2010, based on novel analyses of satellite imagery. It then explores quantitatively and qualitatively the antecedents and correlates of intensification, the expansi...

Complex networks provide flexible and powerful resources for characterizing, modeling and simulating a wide range of real world complex systems. The current work discusses how such a versatile new area can be applied in order to aid economical development and stability at several scales and contexts. The following activities are involved: (a) compilation of several types of data related to soci...

Primary health care was declared the model for global health policy at a 1978 meeting of health ministers and experts from around the world. Primary health care requires a change in socioeconomic status, distribution of resources, a focus on health system development, and emphasis on basic health services. Considered too idealistic and expensive, it was replaced with a disease-focused, selectiv...