Species spanning the animal kingdom have evolved extravagant and costly ornaments to attract mating partners. Zahavi's handicap principle offers an elegant explanation for this: ornaments signal individual quality, and must be costly to ensure honest signalling, making mate selection more efficient. Here, we incorporate the assumptions of the handicap principle into a mathematical model and sho...

This investigation examined the relationship between perceived hearing handicap and the Articulation Index (AI) and the extent to which this relationship was influenced by the variables age, gender, degree of hearing loss, and audiometric slope. Subject age, gender, pure-tone thresholds, and scores for the Self-Assessment of Communication (SAC) and the Significant Other Assessment of Communicat...

The term ‘secondary handicap’ is frequently encountered in services for people with disabilities. The term has its origins in Freud’s original description of secondary gain (Freud, 1901), and Winnicott’s description of the ‘false self’ (Winnicott, 1965). Since the late 1980s, however, the term has largely been associated with the psychoanalytic writings of Valerie Sinason at the Tavistock Centr...

In positive psychology literature, resilience is among indexes that help one to adjust with negative situation and have better function (1, 2). Resilience is shaped in family context and could be fostered (3-7). Better parenting styles have constructive effects on resilience skill (1, 5). This index has been studied in various populations whom have experienced hard psychological situation (8). ...

We studied the impact of central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) and cognitive deficit (CD) on the self-assessment of hearing handicap in 122 elderly subjects. Self-assessment was quantified by means of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE). Results showed that cognitive impairment exerted no significant effect on the self-assessment of hearing handicap. Subjects with CAPD, ...

The bibliography includes a lot of definitions of a mental handicap that is also called a mental deficiency or oligophrenia. At the present stage those definitions which are multi-aspect seem to be the most valuable. Lewicki gives the similar one in which “oligophrenia means a congenital or early acquired handicap or retardation of physical development, which often leads to disorders of social ...

"Stoke Park with associated Hospitals have a long record of illustrious research into the field of Mental Handicap, associated with such famous names as Berry, Norman, Fraser Roberts, Golla and Grey Walter, and also an outstanding record for the provision of services for the mentally handicapped... I consider that the field of mental handicap is one of the most promising areas of psychiatry for...

This article presents the hope that, in the 21st century and the millennium it ushers in, the world will eliminate the concept of handicap by creating an environment where persons with different abilities can live with dignity. In this world, the focus of occupational therapy will shift from reducing impairment through purposeful activity to preventing handicap through enablement. Basic assumpt...