The acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) solution used to preserve blood consists in effect of 2 parts trisodium citrate to 1 part citric acid. It forms a buffer solution such that the pH of bank blood less than 5 days old is, in our experience, 6 6 ± 0 * 2. It can be predicted, therefore, that infusion of ACD blood must lead to an initial acidosis, and that this will in due course be replaced by a meta...

Biodegradable inorganic apatite-based particle complex is popular for its pH-sensitivity at the endosomal acidic environment to facilitate drug release following cellular uptake. Despite being a powerful anticancer drug, doxorubicin shows severe off-target effects and therefore would need a carrier for the highest effectiveness. We aimed to chemically modify carbonate apatite (CA) with Krebs cy...

Metabolic acidosis is common in babies fed cows' milk-based formulae. Therefore the effects of adding alkaline salts (sodium and potassium citrate) to a demineralised whey formula were studied in vitro and in 26 low birthweight babies fed on the formula or formula plus citrate. The alkali altered the pH and titratable acidity to a value nearer human milk but it increased the buffering capacity ...

method has been developed in this laboratory using a gum acacia solution of proper specific gravity, hydrogen ion concentration, and osmotic pressure. Supravital studies of leukocytes separated by this method indicate that cells are viable and apparently undamaged . Preparation of solution: To io ml. ofdistilled water in a 100 ml. graduate (which has a stopper), 30 grams of gum acacia, and 30 m...

Fentanyl citrate is a potent opioid that can be delivered by the transdermal route in cats and dogs. Publications regarding transdermal fentanyl patches were obtained and systematically reviewed. Seven studies in cats and seven studies in dogs met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Dogs achieved effective plasma concentrations approximately 24 hours after patch application. Cats achieve...

The use of Trypticase soy agar modified by the addition of 0.05% ferric ammonium citrate and 0.01% sodium thiosulfate for the determination of indole, phenylpyruvic acid, anthranilate, kynurenine, and hydrogen sulfide reactions is described.

The metabolism of Krebs cycle intermediates is of fundamental importance for eukaryotic cells. In the kidney, these intermediates are transported actively into epithelial cells. Because citrate is a potent inhibitor for calcium stone formation, excessive uptake results in nephrolithiasis due to hypocitraturia. We report the cloning and characterization of a rat kidney dicarboxylate transporter ...

We describe a patient who had consumed large quantities of a proprietary cough mixture containing diphenhydramine, ammonium chloride and sodium citrate (Benylin expectorant) daily for several months and subsequently presented with confusion, marked metabolic acidosis and non-ketotic hyperglycaemia.

The acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) solution used to preserve blood consists in effect of 2 parts trisodium citrate to 1 part citric acid. It forms a buffer solution such that the pH of bank blood less than 5 days old is, in our experience, 6 6 ± 0 * 2. It can be predicted, therefore, that infusion of ACD blood must lead to an initial acidosis, and that this will in due course be replaced by a meta...