The relationship between the endolymphatic potential (EP) and the sodium and potassium concentration gradients between endolymph and interstitial fluid was studied both by measuring the EP at varying concentrations of sodium and potassium in endolymph and by measuring the effect of a depressed EP on the concentrations of these cations. Ethacrynic acid was used in dogs to change the concentratio...

HYPOTHESIS Sodium hyaluronate interferes with the fibrin degrading capacity of human peritoneal mesothelial cells exposed to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha. DESIGN Controlled laboratory experiment. INTERVENTION Human peritoneal mesothelial cells were harvested from 5 patients undergoing laparotomy and cultured in vitro. Cells were treated with TNF-alpha, a cytokine typically involved in ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of active heat acclimation on the sweat osmolality and sweat sodium ion concentration vs. sweat rate relationship in humans. Eight healthy male volunteers completed 10 days of exercise in the heat. The mean exercising heart rate and core temperature were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) by 18 beats/min and 0.6 degrees C, respectively, foll...

Sodium movements in internally perfused giant axons from the squid Dosidicus gigas were studied with varying internal sodium concentrations and with fluoride as the internal anion. It was found that as the internal concentration of sodium was increased from 2 to 200 nm the resting sodium efflux increased from 0.09 to 34.0 pmoles/cm2 sec and the average resting sodium influx increased from 42.9 ...

Our hypothesis is that flow-through hydraulic drag or shear stresses the extracellular elements in the vascular wall. When the endothelium is intact, this results in the release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor and other substances, eg, prostanoids, from the endothelium. As in some reports, after inhibition of nitric oxide synthase, flow effects are still observed although diminished; the...

A unique, rapid, and non-destructive determination of the intracellular sodium concentration of a squid axon may be provided by the "voltage clamp" technique, in which the potential across the axon membrane is under electronic control. The potential at which the early component of ionic current reverses following a membrane potential step was used as an index of the intracellular sodium concent...

the effect of ph, different concentration of tween 80 and calcium ion on the stability of limonene-in-water emulsions stabilized by various concentration of sodium caseinate (2, 5 and 10%) was evaluated. to this end, emulsions were prepared by ultrasound and their quality attributes including size distribution, mean diameter of droplets, specific surface area and span number were studied as a r...

Sodium movements in internally perfused giant axons from the squid Dosidicus gigas were studied with varying internal sodium concentrations and with fluoride as the internal anion. It was found that as the internal concentration of sodium was increased from 2 to 200 mM the resting sodium efflux increased from 0.09 to 34.0 pmoles/cm(2)sec and the average resting sodium influx increased from 42.9...

Although the concentration of sodium in leaves of Atriplex plants increased rapidly after receiving sodium, no growth response was detectable for about 6 days. It was found that respiration rate increased to its maximum within 3 days. Chlorophyll content also increased from an early stage, whereas the concentrations of sugars and starch did not increase, and ratios of soluble to total nitrogen ...

This study was designed to investigate the effects of a growing H6 hepatoma on the intracellular element content in three distinctly different tissue cell populations of the mouse host (hepatocytes, fibroblasts, and crystal enterocytes). X-ray microanalysis measurements of the intranuclear concentrations of several elements (sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, and potassium) were m...