Heathlands are threatened habitats throughout the whole Europe, which have initiated numerous restoration programmes aimed mostly at plant community reconstruction; however, little is known about soil fauna restoration. Here we studied newly established wet and dry heathlands in Netherlands after topsoil removal of previously agricultural land, where manipulated pH (acidification by Sulphur or ...

en

Plant litter constitutes the dominant resource to soil food webs, which gradually decompose and transform it into organic matter. A central paradigm of this transformation posits that differences in quality between distinct types disappear during decomposition, as converge towards similar physicochemical characteristics. Yet, is debated not based on clear metrics. It also largely derived from m...

Result obtained during ten years research work (1990-2000) on distribution of monogenean fauna Iranian fishes indicates that its composition of monogenean fauna of Iranian fishes depends on their habit and since Iran includes three different zoogeographical zones with highly endemic fish hosts, its monogenean parasites have specific composition. The Caspian fauna is characterized by relatively ...