Biochar is a carbon-rich solid produced from the pyrolysis of biomass such as wood, manure, and leaves under high temperature low oxygen conditions which used for agricultural applications soil amendment. This paper reviews utilization practical application biochar. The biochar into can improve physical, chemical biological properties soil, namely increasing porosity, water holding capacity, ag...

THE ECOLOGICAL CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF PREY CHOICE AND ONTOGENETIC NICHE SHIFTS IN THE COMMON GOBY Angus Charles Jackson Foraging behaviour of the common goby, Pomatoschistus microp s was investigated in both the United Kingdom and Sweden, with the aim of establishing causes and consequences of prey choice and ontogenetic shifts in diet. Goby life-cycle could be clearly divided into two stag...

Ecosystem engineers change abiotic conditions, community assembly and ecosystem functioning. Consequently, their loss may modify thresholds of ecosystem response to disturbance and undermine ecosystem stability. This study investigates how loss of the bioturbating lugworm Arenicola marina modifies the response to macroalgal detrital enrichment of sediment biogeochemical properties, microphytobe...

Soil macrofauna are a critical component for ecosystem function and strongly affect production sustainability. The effect of fertiliser management practices, in different cropping systems, on soil communities remains poorly understood semi-arid to arid regions. objective this study was investigate the tillage practices i.e., no-till (NT), rotational (RT) conventional (CT) nitrogen application r...