The self organizing map SOM is a method that represents statistical data sets in an ordered fashion as a natural groundwork on which the distributions of the individual indicators in the set can be displayed and analyzed As a case study that instructs how to use the SOM to compare states of economic systems the standard of living of dif ferent countries is analyzed using the SOM Based on a grea...

Touch-free gesture technology opens new avenues for human-machine interaction. We show how self-organizing maps (SOM) can be used for hand and full body tracking. We use a range camera for data acquisition and apply a SOM-learning process for each frame in order to capture the pose. In a next step we introduce an extension of the SOM to 1D and 2D segments for an improved representation and skel...

PROPRE is a generic and semi-supervised neural learning paradigm that extracts meaningful concepts of multimodal data flows based on predictability across modalities. It consists on the combination of two computational paradigms. First, a topological projection of each data flow on a self-organizing map (SOM) to reduce input dimension. Second, each SOM activity is used to predict activities in ...

We discuss the importance of finding the correct model complexity, or regularization level, in the self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm. The complexity of the SOM is determined mainly by the width of the final neighborhood, which is usually chosen ad hoc or set to zero for optimal quantization error. However, if the SOM is used for visualizing the joint probability distribution of the data, then...

The Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is one of the popular Artificial Neural Networks which is a useful in clustering and visualizing complex high dimensional data. Conventional SOMs are based on the two-dimensional (2D) grid structure, which usually results in less accurate representation of the data. Several SOMs using spherical data structures have been proposed to remove the “border effect”. In th...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) är en endokrin sjukdom hos katt, som är slående lik typ 2 diabetes hos människa. Katter och människor delar många riskfaktorer för sjukdomen, inklusive ett samband med insulinresistens kopplat till övervikt och en stillasittande livsstil. Det finns också patofysiologiska likheter, med förlust av β-celler och inlagring av amyloid i Langerhans öar i bukspottkörteln. En rasp...

The topography of the peptidergic neuronal subpopulations in the guinea pig celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion was studied analyzing the distribution of immunoreactivity to neuropeptide Y (NPY), somatostatin (SOM), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)/polypeptide HI (PHI). For comparison, the ganglion was also studied using antisera against the 2 catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes tyros...

Labile fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) respond rapidly to land management practices and can be used as a sensitive indicator of changes in SOM. However, there is little information about the effect of agroforestry practices on labile SOM fractions in semiarid regions of China. In order to test the effects of land use change from monocropping to agroforestry systems on labile SOM fraction...

The present study examined a novel function of PRL-releasing peptide (PrRP) on the neuroendocrine. PrRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers and nerve terminals were located in the vicinity of the somatostatin (SOM)-neurons in the hypothalamic periventricular nucleus (PerVN). Immuno-electron microscopy revealed that PrRP-immunoreactive nerve terminals made synaptic contacts with nonimmunoreactive neuron...