.................................................................................................................. xiii 1 Future Large-Scale Systems............................................................................ 1 2 The Design of Large-Scale Systems ............................................................... 3 3 Critical Systems-Development Problems................................

Given an existing set of interconnected, independent systems, often referred to as a system of systems (SoS), one of the key activities according to the United States Department of Defense Systems Engineering Guide for Systems of Systems is “translating SoS capability objectives into high-level SoS requirements”. Capability engineering starts with understanding the desired capability and identi...

The Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) is a ten-year-long Implementation Plan, which commenced in 2005 as a group effort by numerous participating countries and organizations to build a large-scale network to effectively monitor and respond to the increasingly complex web of global environmental and socio-economic issues. This paper proposes the Target Evaluation and Correlation...

One of the most useful and clarifying ideas in cognitive modeling is Anderson's (1993) schema for understanding cognitive models in terms of frameworks, theories and models. In this paper we propose that this schema is equally valuable for describing the environment that a cognitive model acts within. Physics provides us with the correct models for representing the physical environment. However...

Managing the development and evolution of a system-of-systems (SoS) capability remains a challenge due to, among other reasons, the complex interdependencies between participating systems. One form of complexity stems from the tendency of interdependencies to propagate between systems; disruptions in the development of one system may propagate to other dependent systems in successive cycles, cr...

The synergism in anticancer effect toward human renal carcinoma A498 cells by binary combinations of free and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer-bound anticancer drugs, SOS thiophene (SOS), doxorubicin (DOX), and mesochlorin e6 monoethylenediamine (Mce6), was evaluated. The combination index (CI) analysis was used to quantify the synergism, antagonism, and additive effects. Both...

Structural congruences have been used to define the semantics and to capture inherent properties of language constructs. They have been used as an addendum to transition system specifications in Plotkin’s style of Structural Operational Semantics (SOS). However, there has been little theoretical work on establishing a formal link between these two semantic specification frameworks. In this pape...

The recent Department of Defense (DoD) guidebook, Systems Engineering for Systems of Systems, describes how traditional systems engineering activities have evolved to support systems engineering at the system of systems (SoS) level. Part of the research for this guidebook probed the application of modeling and simulation to support SoS systems engineering. The findings indicated that limited mo...

The purpose of this study is threefold: first, to bring reference groups back into the framework of spiral of silence (SOS) by proposing an extended framework of dual opinion climate; second, to investigate the boundary conditions of SOS; third, to identify the characteristics of SOS in terms of spatial variation and temporal evolution. Modeling SOS with agent-based models, the findings suggest...