This work applies both conventional-single-spark-discharge (CSSD) at 500-µs pulse duration time and nanosecond-repetitively-pulsed-discharge (NRPD) various pulsed-repetitive-frequency PRF = 5–70 kHz to explore a turbulence facilitated ignition (TFI) phenomenon using pair of pin-to-pin electrodes an inter-electrode gap 0.8 mm in randomly-stirred lean n-butane/air mixture with Lewis number ? 1. F...

Abstract X-ray and ?-ray emissions observed in lightning long sparks are usually connected with the bremsstrahlung of high-energy runaway electrons. Here, an alternative physical mechanism for producing gamma-ray caused by polarization current associated electromagnetic field moving relativistic velocity along a curved discharge channel has been proposed. The existence fast surface waves propag...

gas motion within the cylinder is one of the major factors that control the combustion process in spark ignition engine. it also has significant impact on heat transfer. both the bulk gas motion and the turbulence characteristics of the flow are important and governing the overall behavior of the flow. an arrangement for obtaining a stratified charge, using port injection, is proposed for a cur...

Introduction: One of the most important human senses is vision, which its loss is causing many primary and secondary complications for physical and psychological health such as difficulties in static and dynamic balance. This study aimed to compare the effect of 8 weeks of Spark and Frenkel exercises training on the static and dynamic balance in blind people. ...

Non-equilibrium plasma demonstrates great potential to control ultra-lean, ultra-fast, low-temperature flames and to become an extremely promising technology for a wide range of applications, including aviation gas turbine engines, piston engines, RAMjets, SCRAMjets and detonation initiation for pulsed detonation engines. The analysis of discharge processes shows that the discharge energy can b...

We present the results from a new diagnostic tool for investigating the effects of ignition on the discharge symmetry in gas-fed pulsed plasma thrusters (GFPPTs). Using a fast-framing camera, up to 16 individual pictures of a single GFPPT discharge can be captured at frequencies as high as 20 MHz. This high framing rate capability allows the discharge initiation and current sheet formation to b...

The use of nonequilibrium plasma generated by nanosecond discharges to ignite fuel/air mixtures, known as transient plasma ignition (TPI), has been shown to effectively reduce ignition delay and improve engine performance relative to spark ignition for combustion engines. While this method is potentially useful for many engine applications, at present the underlying physics are poorly understoo...